Identifying associations between diabetes and acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: an analysis of the LUNG SAFE database

Table 2 Multivariable analysis of factors associated with having ARDS

Variable	Odds ratio (95% CI)	p value
Diabetes mellitus diagnosis	0.93 (0.78, 1.11)	0.39
Baseline PaO₂:FiO₂ ratio (mmHg)	0.996 (0.994, 0.997)	< 0.0001
Baseline respiratory rate (breaths/min)	1.03 (1.02, 1.04)	< 0.0001
Baseline PEEP (cmH₂O)	1.06 (1.04, 1.11)	< 0.0001
Baseline peak inspiratory pressure (cmH₂O)	1.02 (1.01, 1.03)	0.0001
ARDS risk factors^a
Pulmonary risk factors	1.93 (1.53, 2.45)	< 0.0001
Non-pulmonary risk factors	1.50 (1.15, 1.95)	0.003
Pulmonary and non-pulmonary risk factors	1.89 (1.40, 2.53)	< 0.0001
COPD or home ventilation	0.78 (0.65, 0.93)	0.005
Haematologic neoplasm	1.60 (1.02, 2.52)	0.04

Analysis based on data from 3814 observations
Abbreviations: ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome, CI confidence interval, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, PEEP positive end-expiratory pressure
^aTo estimate the odds ratio, the reference category is “No risk factor”