Table 1 Total population characteristics and univariable analyses of factors predictive of amikacin Cmax < 60 mg/L
Characteristic | Total population (n = 106) | Cmax < 60 mg/L (n = 41) | Cmax ≥ 60 mg/L (n = 65) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
At ICU admission | ||||
Age, years | 55 (44–62)a | 54 (39–64) | 57 (48–60) | 0.61 |
Male | 77 (73) | 28 (68) | 49 (75) | 0.42 |
SAPS II | 68 (47; 81) | 70 (46; 81) | 68 (47; 81) | 0.66 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 26 (23; 31) | 25 (22; 29) | 26 (24; 33) | 0.03 |
At inclusion | ||||
SOFA score | 15 (12; 18) | 16 (13; 18) | 14 (11; 18) | 0.12 |
Weight, kg | 80 (71; 97) | 79 (65; 91) | 80 (73; 98) | 0.24 |
Height, m | 1.72 (1.65–1.78) | 1.70 (1.65–1.75) | 1.75 (1.68–1.78) | 0.18 |
ICU admission-to-ECMO interval, days | 1 (0; 7) | 1 (0; 5) | 1 (0; 8) | 0.52 |
ICU admission-to-Cmax interval, days | 9 (5; 15) | 8 (3; 15) | 9 (6; 15) | 0.46 |
ECMO-to-Cmax interval, days | 6 (3; 11) | 7 (1; 12) | 6 (3; 9) | 0.99 |
Inotrope score, μg/kg/min | 30 (5; 131) | 68 (10; 150) | 21 (5; 105) | 0.12 |
Reason for ECMO | 0.68 | |||
Cardiogenic shock | 49 (46) | 17 (41) | 32 (49) | |
Post-cardiac transplant | 9 (8) | 3 (7) | 6 (9) | |
Cardiac arrest | 7 (7) | 2 (5) | 5 (8) | |
Post-cardiotomy | 6 (6) | 2 (5) | 4 (6) | |
Severe ARDS | 35 (33) | 17 (41) | 18 (28) | |
VA-ECMO | 72 (68) | 25 (61) | 47 (72) | 0.22 |
ECMO flow, L/min | 4.0 (3.0; 5.0) | 4.2 (3.2; 5.4) | 3.7 (2.9; 4.6) | 0.13 |
Weight-indexed ECMO flow, L/min/kg | 0.49 (0.37–0.58) | 0.53 (0.42–0.64) | 0.46 (0.36–0.55) | 0.013 |
ECMO-membrane duration, days | 5 (2; 8) | 4 (1; 8) | 5 (3; 8) | 0.16 |
Laboratory finding | ||||
Aspartate aminotransferase, mmol/L | 79 (41; 267) | 99 (44; 747) | 71 (39; 188) | 0.08 |
Alanine aminotransferase, mmol/L | 56 (27; 157) | 69 (41; 377) | 53 (25; 126) | 0.08 |
Bilirubin, mmol/L | 27 (16; 67) | 23 (17; 66) | 30 (15; 67) | 0.92 |
Prothrombin time, % | 65 (51; 77) | 62 (43; 76) | 66 (54; 78) | 0.16 |
V factor, % | 75 (47; 112) | 59 (29; 107) | 83 (57; 123) | 0.08 |
Proteinemia, g/L | 53 (43; 58) | 49 (44; 55) | 55 (48; 59) | 0.02 |
Albuminemia, g/L | 21 (19; 25) | 22 (19; 25) | 21 (19; 25) | 0.86 |
Prealbuminemia, g/L | 0.13 (0.09; 0.19) | 0.13 (0.11; 0.19) | 0.13 (0.09; 0.19) | 0.65 |
Hematocrit, % | 25 (23; 27) | 24 (22; 27) | 25 (23; 29) | 0.09 |
Lactates, mmol/L | 1.8 (1.2; 4.0) | 1.9 (1.1; 6.3) | 1.8 (1.3; 3.8) | 0.89 |
Hemodilution parameter | ||||
24-h fluid balance, mL | 225 (− 980; 1607) | 1000 (200; 2045) | − 371 (− 1564; 1342) | < 0.001 |
24-h protidemia delta, % | 0 (− 5; 3.5) | 0 (− 5.6; 1.8) | 0 (− 3.9; 5.0) | 0.37 |
24-h hematocrit delta, % | 0.0 (− 5.2; 3.5) | 0.0 (− 5.6; 1.8) | 0.0 (− 3.9; 5.0) | 0.38 |
GFR, mL/min | 2 (0; 69) | 0 (0; 84) | 6 (0; 61) | 0.97 |
Renal function | 0.42 | |||
KDIGO-0 | 30 (28) | 14 (34) | 16 (25) | |
KDIGO-1 | 11 (10) | 2 (5) | 9 (14) | |
KDIGO-2 | 6 (6) | 2 (5) | 4 (6) | |
KDIGO-3 | 59 (56) | 23 (56) | 36 (55) | |
KDIGO ≥2 | 65 (61) | 25 (61) | 40 (62) | 0.95 |
Dialysis | 9 (8) | 1 (2) | 8 (12) | 0.07 |
CRRT | 45 (42) | 22 (54) | 23 (35) | 0.06 |
Outcome | ||||
ICU mortality | 57 (54) | 21 (51) | 36 (55) | 0.67 |
Hospital mortality | 58 (55) | 21 (51) | 37 (57) | 0.57 |
ECMO duration, days | 18 (10; 26) | 18 (8.5; 24.5) | 18 (10; 27) | 0.83 |
Mechanical ventilation duration, days | 22 (12; 41) | 26 (17; 46) | 20 (12; 38) | 0.32 |
RRT duration after Cmax, days | 15 (5; 24) | 15 (4; 26) | 14 (5; 21) | 0.64 |
AKIb at ICU discharge in survivorsc | 11 (23) | 5/20 (12) | 6/29 (9) | 0.65 |