Table 1 Demographic, clinical characteristics, baseline bone turnover markers, biochemistry, and outcomes by bone mineral density assessments at 2-year follow-up
Variable | All (n = 92) | Completed three BMD assessments (n = 48) | Completed one to two BMD assessments (n = 44) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (yrs) | 63.4 (±14.7) | 65.8 (±11.4) | 60.8 (±17.4) | 0.1 |
BMI | 27.1 (±5.1) | 27.2 (4.4) | 27.1 (5.8) | 0.9 |
Women | 44 (47.8) | 22 (45.8) | 22 (50.0) | 0.8 |
Any osteoporosis risk factor | 40 (43.5) | 15 (31.3) | 25 (56.8) | 0.02 |
Co-morbidity | ||||
Renal | 7 (7.6) | 4 (8.3) | 3 (6.8) | 1.0 |
Cardiovascular | 40 (43.5) | 22 (45.8) | 18 (40.9) | 0.7 |
Respiratory | 22 (23.9) | 8 (16.7) | 14 (31.8) | 0.1 |
APACHE III score | 74.4 (±29.5) | 76.3 (±29.3) | 72.4 (±30.0) | 0.5 |
ICU admission category | ||||
Medical | 54 (58.7) | 26 (54.2) | 28 (63.6) | |
Cardiothoracic surgery | 16 (17.4) | 10 (20.8) | 6 (13.6) | |
General surgery | 22 (23.9) | 12 (25.0) | 10 (22.7) | |
ICU biochemistry and biomarkers | ||||
Albumin (g/L) | 23.9 (±5.8) | 23.6 (±5.9) | 24.1 (±5.7) | 0.6 |
Calcium adj (mmol/L) | 1.99 (±0.33) | 2.01 (±0.32) | 1.96 (±0.33) | 0.5 |
Creatinine (umol/L) | 116 [85, 178] | 125 [85, 175] | 109 [89, 196] | 0.7 |
Vitamin D (nmol/L) | 44.2 (±20.2) | 43.4 (±20.0) | 45.1 (±20.7) | 0.7 |
Phosphate (mmol/L) | 0.70 [0.52, 1.00] | 0.67 [0.49, 1.04] | 0.72 [0.52, 0.96] | 0.7 |
PTH (pmol/L) | 9.29 (±7.51) | 9.88 (±7.94) | 8.65 (±7.05) | 0.4 |
CTX (ng/L) | 581 [400, 851] | 581 [386, 884] | 581 [414, 837] | 1.0 |
P1NP (ug/L) | 31.5 [22.0, 60.0] | 30.5 [22.0, 46.0] | 32.5 [22.5, 87.0] | 0.2 |
Hospital interventions/outcomes | ||||
Ventilation duration (hrs) | 86.0 [47.4, 146.0] | 80.4 [43.9, 118.0] | 91.9 [52.3, 215.0] | 0.1 |
Glucocorticoid | 29 (31.5) | 16 (33.3) | 13 (29.5) | 0.8 |
CRRT | 15 (16.3) | 6 (12.5) | 9 (20.5) | 0.3 |
ICU LOS (days) | 6 [4, 9] | 7 [4, 8] | 6 [4, 11] | 0.9 |
Hospital LOS (days) | 16 [11, 30] | 15 [11, 28] | 17 [10, 32] | 0.7 |
Baseline BMD (post-ICU discharge) | ||||
ICU admit to BMD (days) | 33 [13,58] | 36 [14, 63] | 33 [12,56] | |
T-score femur | -0.8 (±1.5) | -1.0 (±1.4) | -0.7 (±1.5) | 0.3 |
Absolute femur (g/cm3) | 0.956 (±0.197) | 0.941 (±0.183) | 0.974 (±0.212) | 0.4 |
T-score AP spine | 0.1 [-1.4, 1.0] | -0.1 [-1.6, 0.8] | 0.1 [-1.3, 1.2] | 0.4 |
Absolute AP spine (g/cm3) | 1.207 (±0.242) | 1.200 (±0.228) | 1.210 (±0.261) | 0.7 |
Mortality | ||||
1-year | 8 (8.7) | 0 (0) | 8 (18.2) | |
2-year | 10 (10.9) | 0 (0) | 10 (22.7) | |