Time-dependent association of glucocorticoids with adverse outcome in community-acquired pneumonia: a 6-year prospective cohort study

Table 2 Association of admission glucocorticoid levels with short- and long-term all-cause mortality in community-acquired pneumonia

Entire cohort (N = 285)	All-cause mortality time point
Entire cohort (N = 285)	30 days		3 years		6 years
	HR (95% CI)	p Value	HR (95% CI)	p Value	HR (95% CI)	p Value
Cortisol
Cox regression analyses
Univariate model	2.47 (95% CI 0.50–12.18)	0.268	0.54 (95% CI 0.32–0.9)	0.018	0.63 (95% CI 0.41–0.99)	0.045
Multivariate model^a	1.93 (95% CI 0.51–9.02)	0.405	0.53 (95% CI 0.32–0.89)	0.017	0.57 (95% CI 0.36–0.90)	0.015
11-Deoxycortisol
Cox regression analyses
Univariate model	1.37 (95% CI 0.75–2.53)	0.309	0.95 (95% CI 0.76–1.18)	0.631	1.04 (95% CI 0.86–1.24)	0.710
Multivariate model^a	1.26 (95% CI 0.65–2.44)	0.486	0.84 (95% CI 0.67–1.05)	0.126	0.91 (95% CI 0.75–1.1)	0.336
Cortisone
Cox regression analyses
Univariate model	1.37 (95% CI 0.31–6.02)	0.677	0.56 (95% CI 0.33–0.94)	0.028	0.6 (95% CI 0.38–0.95)	0.030
Multivariate model^a	2.55 (95% CI 0.38–17.30)	0.337	0.71 (95% CI 0.4–1.25)	0.237	0.76 (95% CI 0.46–1.24)	0.272
Corticosterone
Cox regression analyses
Univariate model	1.33 (95% CI 0.63–2.81)	0.457	0.77 (95% CI 0.57–1.03)	0.082	0.85 (95% CI 0.66–1.09)	0.199
Multivariate model^a	1.21 (95% CI 0.55–2.65)	0.637	0.76 (95% CI 0.57–1.02)	0.067	0.81 (95% CI 0.63–1.03)	0.084

Data for univariate and multivariate Cox regression models are presented as HR (95% CI), p value; p < 0.05 is considered statistically significant. Bold values indicate statistical significance. All hormone levels were log-transformed, and thus the HR corresponds to a tenfold increase in these levels
^aMultivariate model is adjusted for age, sex, and comorbidities (coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, neoplastic disease)

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