Table 1 General characteristics and in-hospital mortality recorded in the two cohorts examined (n = 222 846)
From: Use of explicit ICD9-CM codes to identify adult severe sepsis: impacts on epidemiological estimates
|  | Explicit codes cohort n = 138 517 (62.2) | Combination codes cohort n = 84 329 (37.8) | RR (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
Men | 80 102 (57.8) | 49 730 (59.0) | 0.98 (0.97, 0.99) |
Age groups (years) | |||
 18–44 | 10 355 (7.5) | 7093 (8.4) | 0.89 (0.86, 0.92) |
 45–64 | 30 129 (21.8) | 17 187 (20.4) | 1.07 (1.05, 1.09) |
 65–74 | 29 375 (21.2) | 17 159 (20.4) | 1.04 (1.02, 1.06) |
 75–84 | 44 348 (32.0) | 26 801 (31.8) | 1.01 (0.99, 1.02) |
  > 84 | 24 310 (17.6) | 16 089 (19.1) | 0.92 (0.90, 0.94) |
Categorized Charlson index | |||
 0 | 32 843(23.7) | 15 884 (18.8) | 1.26 (1.24, 1.28) |
 1–2 | 63 820 (46.1) | 37 781 (44.8) | 1.03 (1.02, 1.04) |
 3–4 | 26 796 (19.3) | 20 730 (24.6) | 0.79 (0.77, 0.80) |
  > 4 | 15 058 (10.9) | 9934 (11.8) | 0.92 (0.90, 0.95) |
Specific comorbiditiesa | |||
 Diabetes | 29 243 (21.1) | 20 207 (24.0) | 0.88 (0.87, 0.90) |
 Cancer | 28 064 (20.3) | 15 321 (18.2) | 1.12 (1.09, 1.14) |
 Chronic heart failure | 23 053 (16.6) | 14 024 (16.6) | 1.00 (0.98, 1.02) |
 COPD | 20 624 (14.9) | 14 934 (17.7) | 0.84 (0.82, 0.86) |
 Chronic renal disease | 18 275 (13.2) | 17 660 (20.9) | 0.63 (0.62, 0.64) |
 Liver disease | 17 408 (12.6) | 10 616 (12.6) | 1.00 (0.97, 1.02) |
 Cerebrovascular disease | 10 394 (7.5) | 8089 (9.6) | 0.78 (0.76, 0.81) |
 Dementia | 8139 (5.9) | 5354 (6.3) | 0.93 (0.89, 0.96) |
 Peripheral vascular disease | 7515 (5.4) | 4441 (5.3) | 1.03(0.99, 1.07) |
 Acute myocardial infarction | 5587 (4.0) | 3800 (4.5) | 0.90 (0.86, 0.93) |
 Surgical pathology | 41 518 (30.0) | 17 378 (20.6) | 1.45 (1.43, 1.48) |
Microbiological dataa | |||
 Pathogens identified: | 52 946 (38.2) | 52 641 (62.4) | 0.61 (0.60, 0.62) |
 Gram-positive bacteria | 21 591 (40.8) | 25 804 (49.0) | 0.83 (0.82, 0.85) |
 Gram-negative bacteria | 36 765 (69.4) | 30 944 (58.8) | 1.18 (1.16, 1.20) |
 Fungi | 1521 (2.9) | 2525 (4.8) | 0.60 (0.56, 0.64) |
Site of infectiona | |||
 Respiratory system | 35 176 (25.4) | 18 572 (22.0) | 1.15 (1.13, 1.17) |
 Genitourinary tract | 28 517 (20.6) | 22 507 (26.7) | 0.77 (0.76, 0.78) |
 Abdomen | 16 178 (11.7) | 4414 (5.2) | 2.23 (2.16, 2.31) |
 Central nervous system | 1425 (1.0) | 1082 (1.3) | 0.80 (0.74, 0.87) |
 Procedure-related | 13 608 (9.8) | 9848 (11.7) | 0.84 (0.82, 0.86) |
 Soft tissue | 5285 (3.8) | 2842 (3.4) | 1.13 (1.08, 1.19) |
 Others/not specified | 52 838 (38.2) | 19 593 (23.2) | 1.64 (1.62, 1.67) |
Organ dysfunction (number of organs) | |||
 1 | 44 614 (32.2) | 62 371 (74.0) | 0.44 (0.43, 0.44) |
 2 | 41 994 (30.3) | 16 956 (20.1) | 1.51 (1.48, 1.54) |
  > 2 | 42 222 (30.5) | 5002 (5.9) | 5.14 (4.99, 5.30) |
 Not specifiedb | 9687 (7.0) | 0 | Not applicable |
Type of organ system dysfunctiona | |||
 Cardiovascular | 97 135 (70.1) | 6081 (7.2) | 9.72 (9.5, 10.0) |
 Respiratory | 68 680 (49.6) | 39 679 (47.0) | 1.05 (1.04, 1.07) |
 Renal | 60 192 (43.5) | 35 552 (42.2) | 1.03 (1.02, 1.04) |
 Haematological | 17 300 (12.5) | 8743 (10.4) | 1.20 (1.17, 1.24) |
 Metabolic | 13 396 (9.7) | 5409 (6.4) | 1.51 (1.46, 1.56) |
 Neurological | 11 232 (8.1) | 12 525 (14.9) | 0.55 (0.53, 0.56) |
 Hepatic | 7687 (5.6) | 4529 (5.4) | 1.03 (0.99, 1.07) |
Invasive therapeutic measures | |||
 Mechanical ventilation | 38 450 (27.8) | 13 353 (15.8) | 1.75 (1.71, 1.79) |
 Haemodialysis | 11 699 (8.5) | 7847 (9.3) | 0.91 (0.88, 0.93) |
In-hospital death | 75 495 (54.5) | 24 758 (29.4) | 1.86 (1.83, 1.88) |