Table 4 Prognostic factors for patients with good and moderate outcome (GOS 4 + 5) after resuscitation in the ER using a cross-tabulation

ER resuscitation

90.2

52.2

1197

p  < 0.001

Preclinical + ER resuscitation

9.8

47.8

911

Penetrating trauma

8.9

7.8

163

p = 0.53

Blunt trauma

91.1

92.2

1894

Female patients

27.2

30.1

628

p = 0.38

Male patients

72.8

69.9

1483

 Car

28.5

29.1

582

p = 0.26

 Motorcycle

14.6

13,6

275

 Bicycle

6.9

7.1

142

 Pedestrian

9.8

13.4

260

 Fall > 3 m

17.9

20.1

397

 Fall < 3 m

6.9

4.4

94

 Other

15.4

12.2

253

 AIS head <3

56.0

39.5

881

p  < 0.001

 AIS head ≥ 3

44.0

60.5

1241

 AIS thorax <3

31.5

25.7

560

p  = 0.05

 AIS thorax ≥ 3

68.5

74.3

1562

 AIS abdomen <3

69.6

68.1

1449

p = 0.67

 AIS abdomen ≥ 3

30.4

31.9

673

 AIS extremities <3

50.6

53.8

1134

p = 0.35

 AIS extremities ≥ 3

49.4

46.2

988

Preclinical RR >90 mmHG

73.3

34.9

664

p  < 0.001

Preclinical RR ≤90 mmHG

26.7

65.1

991

ER RR >90 mmHG

69.2

31.4

647

p  < 0.001

ER RR ≤90 mmHG

30.8

68.6

1130

No blood transfusion

52.5

33.9

700

p  < 0.001

Blood transfusion

47.5

66.1

1222

≤10 blood transfusions

79.8

72.8

1418

p  = 0.018

>10 blood transfusions

20.2

27.2

505

No coagulopathy

57.8

24.1

471

p  < 0.001

Coagulopathy

42.2

75.9

Preclinical GCS >8

70.2

23.8

593

p  < 0.001

Preclinical GCS ≤8

29.8

76.2

1420

No acidosis

57.7

20.2

313

p  < 0.001

Acidosis

42.3

79.8

925

Age in years

45 ± 20

50 ± 21

2122

p  = 0.005

ISS

30 ± 12

45 ± 18

2122

p  < 0.001

Preclinical volume in ml

1302 ± 974

1645 ± 1173

1886

p  < 0.001

TASH score

9.6 ± 6.3

14.6 ± 5.6

1047

p  < 0.001

Hemoglobin in the TR

11.2 ± 2.9

8.8 ± 3.5

1777

p  < 0.001

Quick in the TR

72 ± 25

47 ± 51

1449

p  < 0.001

INR in the TR

1.40 ± 0.70

2.51 ± 2.14

1482

p  < 0.001

Base excess

-6.2 ± 7.1

-13.2 ± 9.0

1238

p  < 0.001