Fig. 7
From: Left ventricular function: time-varying elastance and left ventricular aortic coupling
An arterial elastance line can be added to a PVA diagram (Fig. 5) by considering the rise in pressure within the arterial system with an increase in arterial volume (equals the decrease in ventricular volume). Compared with the healthy state (top panel), a decrease in ventricular elastance and an increase in arterial elastance mean that more energy is wasted on the PVA diagram. LV left ventricular, P-V pressure–volume