Hyperoxemia as a risk factor for ventilator-associated pneumonia

Table 5 Risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia by Cox proportional hazards model

Variable	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis (model 1)		Multivariate analysis (model 2)
Variable	HR (95 % CI)	P	HR (95 % CI)	P	HR (95 % CI)	P
At ICU admission
LOD score	1.04 (1.01, 1.09)	0.044	-	0.922	-	0.138
Transfer from other wards	0.65 (0.45, 0.93)	0.018	-	0.356	-	0.952
Prior antibiotic treatment	0.67 (0.48, 0.94)	0.021	-	0.483	-	0.184
Neurologic failure	1.82 (1.07, 3.09)	0.027	-	0.111	-	0.197
Poisoning	3.24 (1.9, 5.51)	<0.001	2.49 (1.31, 4.72)	0.005	2.16 (1.14, 4.09)	0.018
COPD	0.55 (0.37, 0.89)	0.003	-	0.063	-	0.065
McCabe score >2	0.76 (0.59, 0.99)	0.042	-	0.169		0.726
PaO2 > 120 mmHg	1.58 (1.11, 2.25)	0.011	NA	NA	1.68 (1.16, 2.42)	0.006
During ICU stay
Percentage of days with PaO2 > 120 mmHg	5.67 (3.15, 10.20)	<0.001	6.23 (3.26, 11.9)	<0.001	NA	NA

HR hazard ratio, LOD logistic organ dysfunction, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, NA not applicable. P > 0.1 by univariate analysis for: age, male gender, simplified acute physiology score II, diabetes, cardiac failure, cirrhosis, chronic dialysis, immunosuppression, all causes of ICU admission except neurologic failure, stress ulcer prophylaxis, tracheostomy, red blood cell transfusion, sedation, and neuromuscular-blocking agent use

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