Hyperoxemia as a risk factor for ventilator-associated pneumonia

Table 2 Patient characteristics during the ICU stay

	VAP		P
	Yes	No
	n = 141	n = 362
Stress ulcer prophylaxis			0.002
Proton-pump inhibitor	122 (86)	279 (77)
Sucralfate	9 (6)	46 (13)
No	10 (7)	40 (11)
Tracheostomy	24 (17)	47 (13)	0.243
Red blood cell transfusion	86 (61)	139 (38)	<0.001^a
Sedation	122 (86)	284 (78)	0.039^b
Neuromuscular-blocking agent use	10 (7)	20 (6)	0.505
Mean number of ABG per day	3 (1–6)	2 (1–5)	0.261
Number of days with PaO₂ > 120 mmHg	5 (2–7)	3 (1–5)	<0.001
Percentage of days with PaO₂ > 120 mmHg	0.33 (0.19–0.58)	0.33 (0.14–0.50)	0.282
Duration of MV prior to VAP, days	14 (8–23)	9 (5–17)	<0.001
Total duration of MV, days	30 (17–43)	9 (5–17)	<0.001
Length of ICU stay, days	34 (19–45.5)	12 (7–21)	<0.001
ICU mortality	73 (52)	130 (35)	0.001^c

The results are expressed in number (%) for categorical variables and in median (IQR) for quantitative variables. Exposure to potential risk factors for VAP was taken into account until VAP occurrence, or until ICU discharge in patients with and without VAP, respectively. ^aOR = 2.5 (1.7, 3.7); ^bOR = 1.8 (1.02, 3.0); ^cOR = 1.9 (1.3, 2.8)
VAP ventilator-associated pneumonia, CI confidence interval, ICU intensive care unit, OR odds ratio, ABG arterial blood gas, PaO ₂ arterial oxygen tension, MV mechanical ventilation

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