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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients in the study

From: A novel cardiovascular risk stratification model incorporating ECG and heart rate variability for patients presenting to the emergency department with chest pain

Characteristics

All patients

MACE

No MACE

P value

(n = 763)

(n = 254)

(n = 509)

Age in years, μ (σ)

60.49 (13.33)

61.75 (11.86)

59.86 (13.97)

0.001

Men

496 (64.9)

185 (72.8)

310 (60.9)

0.001

Race

   

0.647

 Chinese

489 (64.1)

168 (66.1)

321 (63.1)

 

 Malay

144 (18.9)

47 (18.5)

97 (19.1)

 

 Indian

106 (13.9)

30 (11.8)

76 (14.9)

 

 Other

24 (3.1)

9 (3.5)

15 (2.9)

 

Medical history

    

 IHD

336 (44.0)

115 (45.3)

221 (43.4)

0.643

 DM

275 (36.0)

113 (44.5)

162 (31.8)

0.001

 Hypertension

492 (64.5)

173 (68.1)

319 (62.7)

0.149

 Hyperlipidemia

456 (59.8)

148 (58.3)

308 (60.5)

0.584

 Previous stroke

60 (7.9)

19 (7.5)

41 (8.1)

0.887

 Cancer

32 (4.2)

8 (3.1)

24 (4.7)

0.345

 Respiratory disease

31 (4.1)

4 (1.6)

27 (5.3)

0.012

 Renal disease

96 (12.6)

34 (13.4)

62 (12.2)

0.644

 CHF

39 (5.1)

10 (3.9)

29 (5.7)

0.383

 Previous PCI

175 (22.9)

64 (25.2)

111 (21.8)

0.315

 Previous CABG

70 (9.2)

25 (9.8)

45 (8.8)

0.690

 Previous MI

114 (14.9)

41 (16.1)

73 (14.3)

0.519

Disposition from ED

   

<0.001

 Admission to GW

354 (46.4)

96 (37.8)

258 (50.7)

 

 Admission to ICW

176 (23.1)

141 (55.5)

35 (6.9)

 

 No admission

233 (30.5)

17 (6.7)

216 (42.4)

 
  1. Data are number (%) unless otherwise specified. Patients may have had more than one medical history and more than one disposition from the Emergency Department (ED). P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. MACE major adverse cardiac event, SD standard deviation, IQR interquartile range, IHD ischemic heart disease, DM diabetes mellitus, CHF congestive heart failure, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention, CABG coronary artery bypass graft, MI myocardial infarct, GW general ward, ICW intensive care ward