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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients according to corticosteroid treatment status among critically ill patients with H1N1pdm09

From: The influence of corticosteroid treatment on the outcome of influenza A(H1N1pdm09)-related critical illness

Baseline characteristicsa

All patientsb (n = 607)

Not treated with corticosteroids (n = 327)

Treated with corticosteroids (n = 280)

p Valuec

Age, years

47.4 (15.3)

46.2 (15.2)

48.8 (15.3)

0.04

Female sex, n (%)

315 (51.9)

163 (49.9)

152 (54.3)

0.28

BMI, kg/m2

32.0 (10.4)

31.8 (10.7)

32.3 (10.1)

0.62

APACHE II score

20.6 (10.0)

20.1 (9.7)

21.2 (10.3)

0.22

SOFA score, day 1

11.4 (3.7)

11.3 (3.6)

11.4 (3.8)

0.70

SOFA score (cardiovascular), day 1

1.6 (1.5)

1.6 (1.5)

1.6 (1.5)

0.91

PaO2/FiO2 ratio, day 1

155.1 (92.1)

156.3 (91.8)

153.5 (92.4)

0.73

Tidal volume (ml), day 1

514.0 (131.9)

515.8 (119.5)

513.0 (144.2)

0.84

Tidal volume per ideal body weight (ml/kg), day 1

6.2 (2.1)

6.3 (2.1)

6.1 (2.1)

0.56

Positive end-expiratory pressure, (cmH2O), day 1

10.9 (4.6)

10.7 (4.3)

11.1 (4.9)

0.39

Patients with any comorbidities (any)

543 (89.5)

280 (85.6)

263 (93.9)

0.001

Comorbidities per patient, n (%)

3.2 (2.3)

2.8 (2.2)

3.7 (2.4)

<0.001

Pulmonary comorbidity, n (%)

195 (32.1)

67 (20.5)

128 (45.7)

<0.001

 Asthma, n (%)

124 (20.4)

42 (12.8)

82 (29.3)

<0.001

 COPD, n (%)

100 (16.5)

30 (9.2)

70 (25.0)

<0.001

Cardiac disease, n (%)

89 (14.7)

40 (12.2)

49 (17.5)

0.07

Hypertension, n (%)

195 (32.1)

102 (31.2)

93 (33.2)

0.60

Obesityd, n (%)

145 (23.9)

74 (22.6)

71 (25.4)

0.43

Diabetes, n (%)

155 (25.7)

80 (24.5)

75 (26.8)

0.51

Immune suppressione, n (%)

35 (5.8)

10 (3.1)

25 (8.9)

0.002

Chronic renal insufficiencyf, n (%)

53 (8.9)

32 (9.8)

21 (7.5)

0.32

Dialysis dependence, n (%)

14 (2.3)

11 (3.4)

3 (1.1)

0.06

Autoimmune disease, n (%)

10 (1.7)

2 (0.6)

8 (2.9)

0.03

Cirrhosis, n (%)

26 (4.3)

14 (4.3)

12 (4.3)

0.99

Bacterial coinfection at admission, n (%)

205 (33.9)

118 (36.1)

87 (31.1)

0.19

Septic shock at admissiong, n (%)

74 (12.3)

33 (10.1)

41 (14.6)

0.09

Pregnant or postpartumh, n (%)

30 (906)

24 (14.7)

6 (4.0)

0.001

  1. APACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, BMI body mass index, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, day 1 first day in intensive care unit, FiO 2 fraction of inspired oxygen, PaO 2 partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood;
  2. aMean (standard deviation) unless otherwise specified
  3. bDenominators may vary for each category
  4. c p Value reflects comparison between patients treated and not treated with corticosteroids
  5. dObesity is defined as BMI >30 kg/m2
  6. eImmune suppression; encompasses chemotherapy for malignancy, diagnosis of HIV/AIDS, and other immunosuppression
  7. fChronic renal insufficiency, defined as creatinine >1.5× normal
  8. gSeptic shock at admission as determined by the patient’s physician
  9. hFemale subset
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Critical Care

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