Fig. 3

Bias and precision of the methods used to assess energy expenditure (EE). The x-axis shows the different methods used to assess EE. The y-axis represents the bias (mean difference with gold standard indirect calorimetry) and the precision (±1 standard deviation) in kilocalories per day. *Variance of the bias significantly smaller than that of the predictive equations. EE:Esp25, Energy expenditure calculated with the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism guideline equation of 25 kcal/kg/day; EE:Faisy, Energy expenditure calculated with the Faisy equation; EE:HB, Energy expenditure calculated with the Harris–Benedict equation; EE:PSU, Energy expenditure calculated with the Penn State University 2003b equation; EE:VCO₂, Energy expenditure from ventilator-derived volume of carbon dioxide and nutritional respiratory quotient