Table 2 Biochemical characteristics pertaining to acidosis and calculation of strong ion gap using admission venous blood specimens

Na⁺ (mmol/L)

134

(4.73, 109–143)

136

(6.90, 108–160)

136

(11.23, 107–172)

136

(9.18, 113–157)

K⁺ (mmol/L)

3.6

(0.44, 2.4–5.4)

3.9

(0.81, 2.1–7.1)

4.0

(1.24, 2.0–6.9)

3.7

(0.74, 2.0–5.5)

Mg²⁺ (mmol/L)

0.7

(0.22, 0.1–1.1)

0.9

(0.21, 0.5–1.8)

0.8

(0.22, 0.3–1.3)

0.8

(0.13, 0.4–1.1)

Ca²⁺ (mmol/L)

1.9

(0.21, 1.4–2.6)

2.0

(0.21, 1.4–2.5)

1.9

(0.38, 1.1–2.6)

2.1

(0.27, 1.3–2.5)

Cl⁻ (mmol/L)

102

(5.16, 87–113)

105

(7.87, 72–139)

106

(11.50, 78–138)

100

(9.73, 75–125)

l-Lactate (enzymatic assay) (mmol/L), geo mean (95 % CI, range)

1.7

(1.6–1.9, 0.8–4.6)

3.7

(3.3–4.1, 0.8–14.4)

2.9

(2.2–3.8, 0.7–15.8)

1.9

(1.4–2.5, 0.3–11.5)

Albumin (g/L)

30

(6.3, 16–46)

28

(5.8, 14–49)

28

(6.3, 18–41)

35

(6.2, 17–47)

PO₄^3- (mg/dl), geo mean (95 % CI, range)

0.7

(0.6–0.8, 0.1–3.0)

2.1

(1.8–2.3, 0.5–11.6)

3.5

(2.7–4.6, 1.0–12.9)

2.9

(2.5–3.3, 1.1–11.7)

HCO₃ ⁻ (mmol/L)

23.6

(3.4, 15.4–38.9)

19.0

(5.4, 3.5–35.8)

17.0

(6.1, 4.5–30.8)

24.2

(6.5, 3.9–41.3)

pH

7.437

(0.053, 7.308–7.566)

7.398

(0.101, 6.931–7.615)

7.312

(0.182, 6.623–7.536)

7.442

(0.097, 7.054–7.549)

pCO₂ (kPa)

4.8

(0.92, 3.1–8.5)

4.2

(1.04, 2.2–8.1)

4.6

(2.10, 1.8–11.1)

4.8

(1.14, 1.9–7.2)

SBD (mEq/L)

+1

(+3.6, −15 to +9)

+6

(+6.6, −11 to +29)

+9

(+7.6, +3 to +30)

0

(+7.6, −19 to +27)

SID_eff (mEq/L)

33.5

(4.3, 22.9–50.8)

28.1

(6.1, 10.5–44.4)

26.8

(7.5, 11.4–44.2)

36.4

(6.9, 18.1–53.8)

SID_app (mEq/L)

39.5

(4.4, 29.0–52.7)

36.3

(6.2, 13.8–52.4)

35.7

(7.2, 18.2–49.4)

43.0

(4.5, 32.1–53.3)

SIG (mEq/L)

6.0

(3.7, −5.5 to 15.1)

8.2

(4.5, −2.4 to 23.4)

8.6

(7.7, −4.9 to 30.2)

6.6

(5.1, −2.4 to 24.1)