Table 4 Intraprocedural, early and late complications
From: Tracheostomy procedures in the intensive care unit: an international survey
Response rate | Statistics | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Europe | Outside Europe | ||
Most frequent intraprocedural complication | ||||
- Puncture posterior tracheal wall | 2/257 (0.8 %) | 2/194 (1 %) | 0 | |
- Puncture ETT | 52/257 (20.2 %) | 47/194 (24.2 %) | 5/63 (7.9 %) | |
- Accidental extubation | 17/257 (6.6 %) | 15/194 (7.7 %) | 2/63 (3.2 %) | |
- Difficult cannula placement | 47/257 (18.3 %) | 34/194 (17.5 %) | 13/63 (20.6 %) | |
- Stoma not adequate | 6/257 (2.3 %) | 1/194 (0.5 %) | 5/63 (7.9 %) | X 2 = 36.296 |
- False passage | 4/257 (1.6 %) | 2/194 (1 %) | 2/63 (3.2 %) | P = 0.000 |
- Convert the procedure | 4/257 (1.6 %) | 2/194 (1 %) | 2/63 (3.2 %) | |
- Bleeding controlled by compression | 89/257 (31.7 %) | 63/194 (32.5 %) | 26/63 (41.3 %) | |
- Bleeding requiring exploration | 1/257 (0.4 %) | 1/194 (0.5 %) | 0 | |
- Desaturation (<90 %) | 16/257 (6.2 %) | 11/194 (5.7 %) | 5/63 (7.9 %) | |
- Pneumothorax | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
- Emphysema | 1/257 (0.4 %) | 1/194 (0.5 %) | 0 | |
- Other | 18/257 (7 %) | 15/194 (7.7 %) | 3/63 (4.8 %) | |
Most frequent early complication | ||||
- Puncture posterior tracheal wall | 1/257 (0.4 %) | 1/194 (0.5 %) | 0 | |
- Puncture ETT | 16/257 (6.2 %) | 14/194 (7.2 %) | 2/63 (3.2 %) | |
- Accidental extubation | 3/257 (1.2 %) | 3/194 (1.5 %) | 0 | |
- Difficult cannula placement | 13/257 (5.1 %) | 10/194 (5.2 %) | 3/63 (4.8 %) | |
- Stoma not adequate | 2/257 (0.8 %) | 0 | 2/63 (3.2 %) | X 2 = 37.981 |
- False passage | 2/257 (0.8 %) | 2/194 (1 %) | 0 | P = 0.000 |
- Convert the procedure | 2/257 (0.8 %) | 2/194 (1 %) | 0 | |
- Bleeding controlled by compression | 163/257 (63.4 %) | 114/194 (58.8 %) | 49/63 (77.8 %) | |
- Bleeding requiring exploration | 9/257 (3.5 %) | 9/194 (4.6 %) | 0 | |
- Desaturation (<90 %) | 11/257 (4.3 %) | 10/194 (5.2 %) | 1/63 (1.6 %) | |
- Pneumothorax | 1/257 (0.4 %) | 1/194 (0.5 %) | 0 | |
- Emphysema | 8/257 (3.1 %) | 4/194 (2.1 %) | 4/63 (6.3 %) | |
- Other | 26/257 (10.1 %) | 24/194 (12.4 %) | 2/63 (3.2 %) | |
Most frequent late complication | ||||
- Bleeding controlled by compression | 44/257 (17.1 %) | 35/194 (18 %) | 9/63 (14.3 %) | |
- Bleeding requiring exploration | 15/257 (5.8 %) | 13/194 (6.7 %) | 2/63 (3.2 %) | X 2 = 3.555 |
- Stoma infection/inflammation | 85/257 (33.1 %) | 61/194 (31.4) | 24/63 (38.1 %) | P = 0.470 |
- Cannula extraction/malpositioning | 54/257 (21 %) | 40/194 (20.6 %) | 14/63 (22.2 %) | |
- Other | 59/257 (23 %) | 45/194 (23.2 %) | 14/63 (22.2 %) | |