Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
From: Rapid response systems: a systematic review and meta-analysis
ID | Author | Country | Year | Study design | Number and type of sites and population | Type of team |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Al-Qahtani et al. [40] | Saudi Arabia | 2013 | Before/after without contemporaneous controls | 1/academic/adult | 1 ICU doctor |
1 ICU nurse | ||||||
1 ward nurse | ||||||
1 respiratory therapist | ||||||
2 | Baxter et al. [41] | Canada | 2008 | Before/after without contemporaneous controls | 2/community/adult | 1 ICU doctor |
1 ICU nurse | ||||||
1 respiratory therapist | ||||||
3 | Beitler et al. [42] | USA | 2011 | Before/after without contemporaneous controls | 1/academic/adult | Medical doctor |
ICU nurse | ||||||
Respiratory therapist | ||||||
Patient transporter | ||||||
4 | Bellomo et al. [22] | Australia | 2004 | Before/after study without contemporaneous controls | 1/academic/adult | 1 ICU doctor |
1 Nurse | ||||||
5 | Bristow et al. [43] | Australia | 2000 | Controlled before/after | 3/community/adult | 1 ICU doctor |
1 general medicine doctor | ||||||
1 nurse | ||||||
6 | Buist et al. [44] | Australia | 2002 | Before/after without contemporaneous controls | 1/academic/adult | 2 doctors |
1 ICU nurse | ||||||
7 | Campello et al. [45] | Portugal | 2009 | Before/after without contemporaneous controls | 1/community/adult | 1 ICU doctor |
1 nurse | ||||||
8 | Chan et al. [13] | USA | 2008 | Before/after without contemporaneous controls | 1/academic/adult | 2 ICU nurses |
1 respiratory therapist | ||||||
9 | Dacey et al. [46] | USA | 2007 | Before/after without contemporaneous controls | 1/community/adult | 1 ICU or hospitalist doctor |
1 ICU nurse | ||||||
1 respiratory therapist | ||||||
1 physician assistant | ||||||
10 | De Vita et al. [47] | USA | 2004 | Before/after study without contemporaneous controls | 1/academic/adult | 1 ICU doctor |
1 anaesthetist | ||||||
2 physician | ||||||
2 ICU nurse | ||||||
1 ward nurse | ||||||
11 | Hayani et al. [48] | Canada | 2011 | Before/after without contemporaneous controls | 1/academic/adult | 1 ICU doctor |
1 ICU nurse | ||||||
1 respiratory therapist | ||||||
12 | Hillman et al. [5] | Australia | 2004 | Cluster RCT | 23/mixed/adult | ICU or ED doctor |
ICU or ED nurse | ||||||
13 | Howell et al. [49] | USA | 2012 | Interrupted time series | 1/academic/adult | Ward doctor |
2 nurses | ||||||
1 respiratory therapist | ||||||
14 | Jones et al. [50] | Australia | 2005 | Before/after without contemporaneous controls | 1/academic/adult | ICU doctor |
ICU nurse | ||||||
15 | Kenward et al. [51] | UK | 2004 | Before/after study without contemporaneous controls | 1/community/adult | NR |
16 | Konrad et al. [14] | Sweden | 2010 | Before/after without contemporaneous controls | 1/academic/adult | 1 ICU doctor |
1 ward doctor | ||||||
1 ICU nurse | ||||||
1 ward nurse | ||||||
17 | Lim et al. [52] | South Korea | 2011 | Before/after without contemporaneous controls | 1/academic/adult | 1 ICU doctor |
1 ICU nurse | ||||||
1 respiratory therapist | ||||||
18 | Priestley et al. [12] | UK | 2004 | Step wedge cluster RCT | 1/community/adult | 2 nurses |
19 | Santamaria et al. [53] | Australia | 2010 | Before/after without contemporaneous controls | 1/academic/adult | 1 ICU doctor |
1 general medicine doctor | ||||||
1 ICU nurse | ||||||
20 | Shah et al. [54] | USA | 2011 | Before/after without contemporaneous controls | 2/academic/adult | 1 ICU nurse 1 respiratory therapist |
21 | Simmes et al. [55] | The Netherlands | 2012 | Before/after without contemporaneous controls | 1/academic/adult | 1 ICU physician |
1 ICU nurse | ||||||
22 | Brilli et al. [56] | USA | 2007 | Before/after without contemporaneous controls | 1/academic/paediatric | 1 ICU doctor |
1 nurse | ||||||
1 respiratory therapist | ||||||
23 | Hanson et al. [57] | USA | 2010 | Interrupted time series | 1/academic/paediatric | 1 PICU doctor |
1 nurse | ||||||
1 respiratory therapist | ||||||
24 | Anwar ul Haque et al. [58] | Pakistan | 2010 | Before/after without contemporaneous controls | 1/academic/paediatric | 1 ICU doctor |
25 | Hunt et al. [59] | USA | 2008 | Before/after without contemporaneous controls | 1/academic/paediatric | 3 PICU doctors |
1 PICU nurse | ||||||
1 PICU respiratory therapist | ||||||
26 | Kotsakis et al. [60] | Canada | 2011 | Prospective before/after without contemporaneous controls | 4/academic/paediatric | 1 doctor (PICU daytime ICU night-time) |
1 PICU nurse | ||||||
1 respiratory therapist | ||||||
27 | Sharek et al. [61] | USA | 2007 | Before/after without contemporaneous controls | 1/academic/paediatric | 1 PICU doctor |
1 PICU or cardiac nurse | ||||||
1 respiratory therapist | ||||||
28 | Tibbals and Kinney [23] | Australia | 2009 | Before/after without contemporaneous controls | 1/academic/paediatric | 1 ICU doctor |
1 ED doctor | ||||||
1 general medicine doctor | ||||||
1 ICU nurse | ||||||
29 | Zenker et al. [62] | USA | 2007 | Before/after without contemporaneous controls | 1/academic/paediatric | 1 doctor |
1 PICU nurse | ||||||
1 respiratory therapist |