Parameter
|
Mode
|
PEEPe0%
|
PEEPe40%
|
PEEPe80%
|
PEEPe120%
|
P*
|
---|
TTRIG (ms)
|
PSP
|
276 (169, 370)z
|
198 (156, 357)az
|
183 (143, 312)abz
|
154 (33, 236)abcz
|
<0.001
|
|
PSN
|
69 (56, 82)x
|
54 (32, 70)
|
59 (17, 82)
|
76 (54, 90)
| |
TCYC-OFF (ms)
|
PSP
|
76 (21, 36)z
|
126 (44, 401)az
|
130 (47, 432)abz
|
106 (14, 314)abcz
|
<0.001
|
|
PSN
|
12 (8, 14)x
|
8 (2, 14)
|
5 (−2, 12)
|
2 (−7, 10)
| |
NeuroSync index (%)
|
PSP
|
29.1 (13.9, 46.8)z
|
25.3 (15.5, 40.9)az
|
20.6 (13.5, 37.1)abz
|
17.7 (10.5, 38.9)abcz
|
<0.001
|
|
PSN
|
5.6 (4.2, 7.8)x
|
6.0 (4.9, 8.3)
|
6.2 (5.1, 8.5)
|
6.7 (3.8, 10.3)
| |
EAdi without assist (%)
|
PSP
|
0.8 (0, 10.1)
|
1.1 (0, 18.7)
|
0 (0, 10.8)
|
0 (0, 11.4)
|
<0.001
|
|
PSN
|
0 (0, 0)
|
0 (0, 0)
|
0 (0, 0)
|
0 (0, 0)
| |
Synchrony (inside box) (%)
|
PSP
|
4.7 (0, 16.3)z
|
7.8 (0, 20)az
|
11.5 (0, 37.4)abz
|
7 (0.2, 46.3)abcz
|
<0.001
|
|
PSN
|
89.4 (76.2, 97.9)x
|
91.3 (76, 95.7)
|
88 (78, 93)
|
80 (63.4, 97.4)
| |
Dyssynchrony (outside box) (%)
|
PSP
|
83.5 (76.3, 92)z
|
79.3 (63, 86.7)az
|
76.9 (62, 87.5)abz
|
70.9 (52.3, 89.3)abcz
|
<0.001
|
|
PSN
|
9 (2.1, 23.1)x
|
7.3 (1.8, 21.1)
|
10.8 (6.5, 17.4)
|
18.6 (2.1, 32.7)
| |
- Values are presented as median (25–75 % interquartile range). *P values for one-way repeated measures analysis of variance on ranks for the eight conditions: within the same mode: a
P <0.05 compared to extrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEPe)0%; b
P <0.05 compared to PEEPe40%; c
P <0.05 compared to PEEPe80%. Between modes: z
P <0.05 compared to PSN at same PEEPe. Comparison of PSN zero PEEP to PSP optimal PEEP: x
P <0.05 PEEPe0% at PSN vs. PEEPe80% at PSP. PSP pneumatically triggered and cycled-off pressure support, PSN neurally triggered and cycled-off pressure support ventilation, PEEPe extrinsic PEEP, TTRIG diaphragm electrical activity (EAdi)-to-trigger time difference, TCYC-OFF cycling-off timing difference