Fig. 1
From: Effects of fluid administration on renal perfusion in critically ill patients
Summary of the study design. The intervention was a fluid challenge that consisted of infusion of a minimum volume of 500 ml at a minimum rate of 1,000 ml/hour. Interlobar artery Doppler variables, blood pressure, heart rate and urine output were recorded before and after the fluid challenge and stabilization of hemodynamic variables. UO/3H: urine output volumes measured over 3 hours