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Table 2 The haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation in patients anaesthetised using etomidate/suxamethonium (Group 1) and fentanyl/ketamine/rocuronium (Group 2), stratified by dose administered

From: Significant modification of traditional rapid sequence induction improves safety and effectiveness of pre-hospital trauma anaesthesia

A) Full-dose RSI protocol

 

Baseline

Procedural

Absolute difference (95% CI)

P -value

Group 1

    

Heart rate, bpma

89 (72 to 104)

111 (98 to 132)

22 (14 to 38)

<0.0001

Mean arterial pressure, mmHgb

98 (90 to 108)

128 (113 to 145)

31 (15 to 48)

<0.0001

Systolic blood pressure, mmHgb

129 (114 to 144)

170 (151 to 196)

44 (22 to 61)

<0.0001

Group 2

    

Heart rate, bpmc

87 (74 to 101)

112 (97 to 125)

25 (18 to 30)

<0.0001

Mean arterial pressure, mmHgd

102 (90 to 113)

107 (91 to 121)

5 (−1 to 10)

0.148

Systolic blood pressure, mmHgd

133 (120 to 149)

140 (120 to 155)

7 (−3 to 11)

0.257

B) Reduced-dose protocol

 

Baseline

Procedural

Absolute difference (95% CI)

P -value

Group 1

    

Heart rate, bpme

107 (84 to 121)

122 (111 to 137)

15 (4 to 27)

0.009

Mean arterial pressure, mmHgf

79 (54 to 95)

99 (78 to 117)

20 (6 to 36)

0.004

Systolic blood pressure, mmHgf

100 (71 to 115)

129 (100 to 147)

29 (13 to 48)

0.001

Group 2

    

Heart rate, bpmg

106 (91 to 131)

123 (105 to 143)

17 (−2 to 28)

0.095

Mean arterial pressure, mmHgf

95 (70 to 109)

101 (89 to 126)

6 (−3 to 28)

0.117

Systolic blood pressure, mmHgf

117 (104 to 145)

129 (110 to 149)

9 (−7 to 28)

0.256

  1. Data are presented as median (IQR). Analysis based on a74, b 66, c104 and d95, e36, f24 and g31 patients with complete sets of haemodynamic data. A) Full-dose rapid sequence induction (RSI) protocol and B) reduced-dose RSI protocol.