|
Variable
|
NI
|
NIP
|
NLEE
|
NLM
|
P
|
|---|
|
Age
|
42.8 ± 11.8
|
39.7 ± 11.6
|
40.1 ± 12.7
|
42.0 ± 12.8
|
0.930
|
|
Gender (percent female)
|
0.4
|
0.5
|
0.5
|
0.6
|
0.849
|
|
Time in bed (min)
|
520.6 ± 17.0
|
509.1 ± 16.4
|
511.8 ± 17.8
|
510.9 ± 26.6
|
0.580
|
|
Total sleep time (min)
|
349.2 ± 28.4
|
354.0 ± 22.6
|
354.2 ± 20.7
|
348.6 ± 22.0
|
0.922
|
|
Sleep efficiency index
|
0.69 ± 0.08
|
0.75 ± 0.08
|
0.72 ± 0.07
|
0.75 ± 0.05
|
0.164
|
|
REM (%)
|
16.6 ± 3.6
|
16.5± 6.3
|
18.5 ± 3.5
|
19.3 ± 4.1
|
0439
|
|
N1 (%)
|
17.7 ± 3.9
|
18.8 ± 3.3
|
19.6 ± 2.3
|
19.6 ± 3.2
|
0.530
|
|
N2 (%)
|
47.9 ± 6.3
|
47.5 ± 7.1
|
46.2 ± 1.6
|
43.6 ± 3.4
|
0.259
|
|
N3 (%)
|
15.8 ± 3.5
|
17.2 ± 4.9
|
15.7 ± 2.8
|
17.5 ± 3.5
|
0.620
|
|
Sleep onset latency (min)
|
58.4 ± 15.5
|
54.3 ± 15.3
|
53.2 ± 16.9
|
46.9 ± 11.0
|
0392
|
|
REM latency (min)
|
166.6 ± 38.8
|
140.4 ± 29.3
|
159.5 ± 30.0
|
154.4 ± 37.5
|
0381
|
|
No. of awakenings
|
14.4 ± 3.3
|
14.4 ± 3.1
|
13.5 ± 2.8
|
13.8 ± 3.0
|
0.885
|
|
Sleep arousals index
|
8.7 ± 3.3
|
8.4 ± 2.4
|
8.2 ± 1.3
|
8.4 ± 2.1
|
0.981
|
|
State anxiety
|
46.0 ± 8.8
|
45.2 ± 7.7
|
44.4 ± 5.9
|
45.0 ± 5.9
|
0.968
|
|
Sleep quality
|
6.1 ± 1.0
|
5.9 ± 1.0
|
6.1 ± 1.3
|
6.2 ± 1.4
|
0.952
|
- NL: simulated ICU noise and light; NLP: NL plus placebo; NLM: NL plus melatonin; NLEE: NL plus use of earplugs and eye masks.
