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Table 3 Main differences among patients with putative or proven invasive aspergillosis, with regard to presence of immunosuppressiona

From: Epidemiology of invasive aspergillosis in critically ill patients: clinical presentation, underlying conditions, and outcomes

 

Immunosuppression ( n = 208)

No immunosuppression ( n = 89)

P -value

Age, yr

61 ± 15

63 ± 15

0.15

Male, n (%)

127 (61)

53 (60)

0.92

BMI, kg/m2

23 (20 to 27)

24 (21 to 28)

0.77

Underlying conditions, n (%)

  

 COPD

67 (32)

35 (39)

0.23

 Chronic heart failure

14 (7)

13 (15)

0.06

 Diabetes

28 (14)

24 (27)

0.02

 Liver disease

16 (8)

11 (12)

0.19

 Chronic hemodialysis

6 (3)

5 (6)

0.25

 Smoking

24 (12)

19 (21)

0.03

 Alcohol abuse

12 (6)

15 (17)

0.002

Diagnostic category, n (%)

  

 Medical admission

170 (82)

69 (78)

0.08

 Cardiovascular

49 (24)

29 (33)

0.1

 Respiratory

112 (54)

33 (37)

0.008

 Neurological

4 (2)

2 (2)

0.85

 Intoxication

1 (1)

0

0.51

 Gastrointestinal

11 (5)

8 (9)

0.23

 Endocrine

13 (6)

5 (6)

0.83

 Post-operative

18 (9)

4 (4)

0.21

 Trauma

0

5 (6)

0.006

 Others

2 (1)

1 (1)

0.89

Severity scores and main diagnoses

  

 APACHE II score on admission

25 (17 to 30)

23 (17 to 28)

0.29

 Sepsis on ICU admission

103 (50)

38 (42)

0.07

 ARDS on ICU admission

33 (16)

22 (25)

0.07

 Septic shock, n (%)

28 (13)

16 (18)

0.31

 Traumatic brain injury, n (%)

1 (1)

0

0.51

 Pneumonia, n (%)

27 (13)

17 (19)

0.17

 Other brain injuries, n (%)

3 (1)

0

0.25

 Acute heart failure/CABG, n (%)

1 (1)

8 (9)

<0.001

 Pancreatitis, n (%)

2 (1)

0

0.35

 Prophylactic antifungals, n (%)

24 (12)

3 (3)

0.03

 Antifungal therapy, n (%)

159 (76)

66 (74)

0.67

 Time from diagnosis to therapy, days

1 (0 to 3)

1 (0 to 4)

0.34

 Duration of therapy, daysb

11 (6 to 25)

14 (5 to 28)

0.83

 ICU stay before first positive culture, days

4 (2 to 11)

4 (2 to 10)

0.76

 SOFA II score at diagnosis

10 (6 to 13)

9 (6 to 12)

0.15

Organ support at time of diagnosis, n (%)

  

 Vasopressor therapy

139 (67)

62 (70)

0.63

 RRT

67 (32)

42 (47)

0.01

 Mechanical ventilation

188 (90)

81 (91)

0.87

Organ support during ICU stay, n (%)

  

 Vasopressor therapy

173 (83)

73 (82)

0.81

 RRT

83 (40)

45 (51)

0.09

 Mechanical ventilation

190 (91)

83 (93)

0.58

 12-week mortality

151 (73)

59 (66)

0.27

  1. aARDS, Acute respiratory distress syndrome; APACHE, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; BMI, Body mass index; CABG, Coronary artery bypass graft; COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICU, Intensive care unit; RRT, Renal replacement therapy; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment. bCalculated among those patients receiving therapy.
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Critical Care

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