Table 1 General characteristics
Prospective validation cohort | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | ALI/ALI + CPE (n = 72) | CPE (n = 73) | P -value | |||
General Characteristics | ||||||
Age, years | 61 | (49 to 69) | 73 | (63 to 79) | <0.001 | |
<45 years | 13 | (9) | 7 | (5) | 0.25 | |
Female sex | 50 | (36) | 40 | (29) | 0.21 | |
Body mass index | 27 | (23 to 35) | 27 | (24 to 32) | 0.73 | |
APACHE III score | 53 | (38 to 73) | 52 | (36 to 69) | 0.70 | |
Charlson score | 2 | (0 to 3) | 2 | (1 to 5) | 0.07 | |
Smoking | 132 | 37 | (25) | 46 | (30) | 0.30 |
Referral patient | 82 | (59) | 75 | (55) | 0.33 | |
Admission ICU | 0.04 | |||||
medical | 61 | (44) | 78 | (57) | ||
surgical | 10 | (7) | 10 | (7) | ||
mixed | 29 | (21) | 12 | (9) | ||
Non-invasive ventilation only | 4 | (3) | 23 | (17) | 0.001 | |
Invasive mechanical ventilation | 92 | (66) | 67 | (49) | <0.001 | |
ARDS (Berlin definition [1])* | 81 | (58) | na | na | ||
Hospital mortality | 47 | (34) | 15 | (11) | <0.001 | |
ALI risk factors | ||||||
Sepsis | 57 | (41) | 23 | (17) | <0.001 | |
Pancreatitis | 0 | (0) | 1 | (1) | 0.32 | |
Pneumonia | 33 | (24) | 11 | (8) | 0.001 | |
Aspiration | 8 | (6) | 0 | (0) | 0.01 | |
CPE risk factors | ||||||
History of coronary artery disease | 11 | (8) | 47 | (34) | <0.001 | |
History of congestive heart failure | 11 | (8) | 33 | (24) | 0.002 | |
New ST-changes/left-bundle branch block | 110 | 8 | (4) | 31 | (19) | 0.003 |
Other predictors | ||||||
Alcohol abuse | 135 | 19 | (13) | 6 | (4) | 0.02 |
Chemotherapy | 144 | 21 | (15) | 6 | (4) | 0.006 |
SpO2/FiO2 ratio at 6 h after onset of acute pulmonary edema | 141 | 181 | (129 to 267) | 240 | (175 to 436) | 0.002 |
<235 | 141 | 71 | (48) | 43 | (31) | 0.001 |