Table 2 Survey responses from all responders and those ICUs included in the analysis of linked unit-level and patient-level data

Full-time lead or clinical director, number/total number (%)

161/162 (99.4)

129/130 (99.2)

1.00

Unit format, number (%)

-

Closed

162 (100)

130 (100)

Open

0 (0)

0 (0)

Formal rounds in 24 hours (weekday), number (%)

0.97

1

38 (12.5)

30 (23.1)

2

88 (54.3)

70 (53.8)

3

30 (18.5)

25 (19.2)

4 or more

6 (3.7)

5 (3.8)

Formal rounds in 24 hours (weekend day), number (%)

0.044

0

1 (0.6)

1 (0.8)

1

83 (51.2)

61 (46.9)

2

72 (44.4)

64 (49.2)

3

6 (3.7)

4 (3.1)

Handover rounds in 24 hours, number (%)

0.26

1

6 (3.7)

3 (2.3)

2

117 (72.2)

95 (73.1)

3

37 (22.8)

30 (23.1)

4

2 (1.2)

2 (1.5)

Intensivist participation in handover rounds, number (%)

0.56

No intensivist participation

9 (5.6)

6 (4.6)

Weekdays only

40 (24.8)

33 (25.4)

Weekdays and weekend days

112 (69.6)

91 (70.0)

Nighttime cover pattern, number (%)

0.95

Intensivist in-house (dedicated or cross-cover)

4 (2.6)

4 (3.1)

Specialty registrar (dedicated);

Intensivist exclusively on-call for the ICU

70 (45.2)

59 (45.4)

Specialty registrar (dedicated);

Intensivist not exclusively on-call for the ICU

10 (6.5)

9 (6.9)

Specialty registrar (cross-cover);

Intensivist exclusively on-call for the ICU

21 (13.5)

18 (13.8)

Specialty registrar (cross-cover);

Intensivist not exclusively on-call for the ICU

30 (19.4)

24 (18.5)

Senior or junior medical officer;

Intensivist exclusively on-call for the ICU

17 (11.0)

13 (10.0)

Senior or junior medical officer;

Intensivist not exclusively on-call for the ICU

3 (1.9)

3 (2.3)

Number of intensivists available to staff ICU, number (%)

0.38

<6

24 (15.2)

21 (16.2)

6-8

71 (44.9)

54 (41.5)

9-11

35 (22.2)

30 (23.1)

12+

28 (17.7)

25 (19.2)

FTE intensivists per bed

0.37

Median

0.50

0.50

Interquartile range

0.35-0.69

0.35-0.71

Base specialty of intensivists - no. (%)

0.59

Anesthetics

1,223 (93.4)

1,048 (93.3)

Medicine

72 (5.5)

61 (5.4)

Emergency medicine

12 (0.9)

12 (1.1)

Surgery

2 (0.2)

2 (0.2)

Years of clinical experience; number (%)

0.88

<3 years

281 (21.5)

238 (21.2)

4-6 years

249 (19.0)

217 (19.3)

7-10 years

258 (19.7)

221 (19.7)

>10 years

521 (39.8)

447 (39.8)