Study | Year | Extubations or participants (n) | Cases (n) | % | Definition |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Post-extubation stridor | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Epstein and colleagues [1] | 1998 | 74 | 11 | 15 | Stridor with resolution upon reintubation |
   Maury and colleagues [25] | 2004 | 115 | 4 | 3.5 | High-pitched inspiratory wheeze within 24 hours of extubation with respiratory rate >30/minute |
   Sandhu and colleagues [26] | 2000 | 110 | 13 | 11.8 | High-pitched inspiratory wheeze requiring medical intervention |
   Miller and Cole [27] | 1996 | 100 | 6 | 6 | High-pitched inspiratory wheeze requiring medical intervention |
   Kriner and colleagues [8] | 2005 | 462 | 20 | 4.3 | Inspiratory grunting, whistling or wheezing requiring medical intervention within 24 hours after extubation |
   Ding and colleagues [28] | 2006 | 51 | 4 | 7.8 | High-pitched inspiratory wheeze associated with respiratory distress |
   Colice and colleagues [2] | 1989 | 82 | 5 | 6 | Post-extubation stridor or hoarseness |
   Ho and colleagues [7] | 1996 | 38a | 10 | 26 | Crowing sound on inspiration |
   Jaber and colleagues [30] | 2003 | 112 | 13 | 12 | High-pitched inspiratory wheeze requiring medical intervention |
   Cheng and colleagues [3] | 2006 | 43 | 13 | 30.2 | High-pitched inspiratory wheeze requiring medical intervention (in control group of intervention arm with positive cuff leak test) |
   de Bast and colleagues [36] | 2002 | 76 | 10 | 13 | Inspiratory wheezing |
   Lee and colleagues [13] | 2007 | 40 | 11 | 27.5 | Stridor heard with stethoscope |
Laryngeal edema | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Francois and colleagues [6] | 2007 | 343a | 76 | 22 | Stridor with respiratory distress with need for medical intervention (minor) or severe respiratory distress needing reintubation <24 hours after extubation (major) |
   Darmon and colleagues [4] | 1992 | 663 | 28 | 4.2 | Laryngeal dyspnea and/or stridor (minor laryngeal edema) or the need for reintubation due to laryngeal edema as confirmed by endoscopy (major laryngeal edema) |
   de Bast and colleagues [36] | 2002 | 76 | 8 | 11 | Stridor with respiratory distress requiring reintubation within 24 hours, confirmed by fiberoptic examination or direct view |
   Chung and colleagues [55] | 2006 | 95 | 35 | 36.8 | Near total occlusion of the airway as seen on video bronchoscopy |