Candidemia on presentation to the hospital: development and validation of a risk score

Shorr, Andrew F; Tabak, Ying P; Johannes, Richard S; Sun, Xiaowu; Spalding, James; Kollef, Marin H

doi:10.1186/cc8110

Critical Care

Table 2 Univariate analysis of variables associated with candidemia

From: Candidemia on presentation to the hospital: development and validation of a risk score

	Derivation cohort (n = 64,019)		Validation cohort (n = 24,685)
Variable	Number of candidemia/Number of cases in the row (%)	P Value	Number of candidemia/Number of cases in the row (%)	P Value
Candidemia cases/Total cases	738/64,019 (1.2)		321/24,685 (1.3)	0.0697
Demographics
Age < 65 years	331/19,523 (1.7)	< 0.0001	137/8403 (1.6)	0.0010
Men	377/29,845 (1.3)	0.0158	170/12,090 (1.4)	0.1508
Laboratory findings
Albumin ≤ 1.8 g/dL	83/2704 (3.1)	< 0.0001	40/1278 (3.1)	< 0.0001
Albumin 1.9--2.2 g/dL	75/3800 (2.0)	< 0.0001	45/1757 (2.6)	< 0.0001
Arterial pH ≤ 7.36	130/5913 (2.2)	< 0.0001	61/2684 (2.3)	< 0.0001
Potassium > 5.6 mEq/dL	80/3133 (2.6)	< 0.0001	34/1182 (2.9)	< 0.0001
Sodium > 145 mEq/dL	74/3600 (2.1)	< 0.0001	34/1206 (2.8)	< 0.0001
Bands > 32%	50/5345 (0.9)	0.1239	26/1813 (1.4)	0.6021
White blood cells > 27,000/mm³	54/5096 (1.1)	0.5840	35/1980 (1.8)	0.0557
Vital signs and mental status
Temperature ≤ 98°F	253/16,917 (1.5)	< 0.0001	99/4780 (2.1)	< 0.0001
Severe altered mental status^a	135/6301 (2.1)	< 0.0001	51/2255 (2.3)	< 0.0001
Temperature ≤ 98°F or severe altered mental status^a	336/21,140 (1.6)	< 0.0001	129/6454 (2.0)	< 0.0001
History and severe comorbidities
Metastatic cancer	62/3245 (1.9)	0.0001	25/1262 (2.0)	0.0285
Tumor	41/2693 (1.5)	0.0786	19/1136 (1.7)	0.2570
Cachexia^b	123/4549 (2.7)	< 0.0001	70/2392 (2.9)	< 0.0001
Other variables
Pre-admission within 30 days	276/11,215 (2.5)	< 0.0001	125/4603 (2.7)	< 0.0001
Admitted from other healthcare facility	281/12,813 (2.2)	< 0.0001	133/5581 (2.4)	< 0.0001
Mechanical ventilation at admission	136/5864 (2.3)	< 0.0001	84/2695 (3.1)	< 0.0001

^aSevere altered mental status defined as Glasgow Coma Scale less than 5 or a designation of coma by a physician.
^bCachexia defined by ICD-9 secondary diagnosis code.

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