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Table 5 Factors related to acute illness

From: Risk factors for delirium in intensive care patients: a prospective cohort study

 

n

mean (SD) or %

univariate

multivariate

 

D

ND

D

ND

P*

OR (CI)

OR (CI)

   length of stay in the ICU before inclusion*

155

368

7.9 (11.5)

1.7 (2.3)

<0.001

1.26 (1.17 to 1.35)

 

   length of stay in the ICU before inclusion >1 day*

87/155

116/368

56%

32%

<0.001

2.78 (1.89 to 4.09)

 

length of stay in the ICU before inclusion >2 days*

70/155

46/368

45%

13%

<0.001

5.77 (3.71 to 8.97)

 

admission for internal medicine

91/155

175/368

48%

59%

0.013

1.57 (1.07 to 2.29)

4.01 (1.46 to 11.01)

high risk of mortality (SAPS >40; APACHE >24)

29/73

29/139

40%

21%

0.003

2.50 (1.31 to 4.66)

 

   APACHE II

33

87

19.7 (7.3)

18.6 (7.5)

0.47

1.02 (0.97 to 1.08)

 

   SAPS II

54

54

33.4 (12.6)

28.6 (10.7)

0.04

1.04 (1.01 to 1.08)

 

highest TISS 28 score

88

191

34.9 (5.7)

31.9 (6.6)

<0.001

1.08 (1.04 to 1.13)

 

mean TISS 28

88

191

30.8 (3.9)

29.1 (5.6)

0.004

1.07 (1.02 to 1.13)

 

TISS 28 cut off 30 (318 minutes)

68/88

104/191

77%

55%

<0.001

2.81 (1.60 to 5.05)

 

psychoactive medication

103/135

146/289

76%

51%

<0.001

3.15 (1.99 to 4.99)

3.34 (1.50 to 11.23)

   benzodiazepine

18/68

24/215

27%

11%

0.003

2.89 (1.44 to 5.69)

 

   Morphine

24/70

54/217

34%

25%

0.09

1.58 (0.88 to 2.82)

 

   sedation

65/88

24/140

74%

17%

<0.001

13.66 (7.15 to 26.10)

 

endotracheal tube or tracheastomy

27/118

11/272

23%

4%

<0.001

7.04 (3.36 to 14.76)

8.07 (1.18 to 55.06)

gastric tube

44/120

19/275

37%

7%

<0.001

7.80 (4.30 to 14.16)

 

bladder catheter

115/120

227/280

96%

81%

<0.001

5.37 (2.09 to 13.80)

 

arterial catheter

108/120

231/278

90%

83%

0.05

1.83 (0.93 to 3.59)

 

number of perfusions

120

280

4.2 (2.0)

3.1 (1.7)

<0.001

1.35 (1.20 to 1.52)

 

more than three perfusions

65/120

81/278

54%

29%

<0.001

2.87 (1.85 to 4.47)

2.74 (1.07 to 7.05)

number of vascular catheters

120

280

1.2 (0.5)

1.3 (0.6)

0.18

0.74 (0.47 to 1.17)

 

no normal food

92/120

127/275

77%

46%

<0.001

3.83 (2.36 to 6.22)

 

fever

10/119

16/278

8%

6%

0.222

1.50 (0.66 to 3.42)

 
  1. *: the only reason for later inclusion of patients was a score on the Glasgow Coma Scale below 10.
  2. Continuous variables are presented in number, mean and standard deviation (SD); categorical variables are presented in number per group and percentage.
  3. * P value of difference in groups, calculated with independent samples t-test for continuous variables, with Chi squared for categorical variables.
  4. APACHE = Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation; CI = confidence interval; D = delirium group; ICU = intensive care unit; ND = non-delirium group; OR = odds ratio; SAPS = Simplified Acute Physiology Score; TISS 28 = The Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System-28.
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