Respiratory and haemodynamic changes during decremental open lung positive end-expiratory pressure titration in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome

Table 4 Echocardiographic data presented as mean ± standard deviation

	T₀	T_20/30	T_OLP
Maximum diameter vena cava inferior (cm)	2.2 ± 0.44	1.8 ± 0.4	2.14 ± 0.35
Minimum diameter vena cava inferior (cm)	1.52 ± 0.37	1.3 ± 0.47	1.44 ± 0.36
Maximum diameter vena cava superior (cm)	1.92 ± 0.43	1.85 ± 0.65	1.8 ± 0.55
Minimum diameter vena cava superior (cm)	1.3 ± 0.39	1.18 ± 0.44	1.1 ± 0.35
Diameter left ventricle anterior-posterior end-systolic (cm)	3.2 ± 1.5	2.9 ± 1.3	3.1 ± 1.4
Diameter left ventricle anterior-posterior end-diastolic (cm)	4.5 ± 1.4	4.3 ± 1.2	4.8 ± 1.5
Diameter left ventricle septal-lateral end-systolic (cm)	2.8 ± 0.9	2.5 ± 0.9	2.7 ± 0.8
Diameter left ventricle septal-lateral end-diastolic (cm)	4.2 ± 0.9	3.5 ± 1^a	4.2 ± 1.1^b
End-systolic area of left ventricle (cm²)	8.3 ± 5	6.8 ± 4.1	7.2 ± 3.7
End-diastolic area of left ventricle (cm²)	17.3 ± 7	13.5 ± 5^a	17.2 ± 7^b
Left ventricular ejection fraction (%)	66 ± 14	60 ± 11^a	69 ± 10^b
End-systolic area of right ventricle (cm²)	8.1 ± 5	7.7 ± 3	7.8 ± 4
End-diastolic area of right ventricle (cm²)	13.6 ± 3	16.1 ± 4^a	13.4 ± 4^b
Right ventricular Tei index (%)	39 ± 11	42 ± 10^a	36 ± 11^a/b

^aP < 0.05 compared with T₀; ^bP < 0.05 compared with T_20/30.
Right ventricular Tei index was calculated as the sum of the isovolumic contraction time and the isovolumic relaxation time, divided by ejection time. T₀ = time at baseline; T_20/30 = time when positive end-expiratory pressure at 20 cmH₂O and driving pressure at 30 cmH₂O; T_OLP = time at open lung-positive end-expiratory pressure.

ISSN: 1364-8535