Figure 1

Evolution of clinical and biochemical variables after endotoxin challenge and infusion with glutamine or placebo. Shown is the time course of clinical and biochemical variables after an intravenous bolus of endotoxin (vertical dotted line indicates time of endotoxin administration) and infusion with glutamine (squares) or placebo (triangles) in young healthy volunteers: (a) plasma glutamine, (b) IL-6, (c) tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, (d) cortisol, (e) rectal temperature and (f) heart rate. Values are expressed as means ± standard error of the mean. The result of a mixed model analysis is given below each graph. In panels e and f, hourly measurements are shown for clarity, although measurements performed every 15 minutes were included in the analysis. *P < 0.05, post hoc t-test from the start of the trial to the time of endotoxin administration; ^#P < 0.05, post hoc t-test of the difference from administration of endotoxin to time point during placebo infusion.