Epidemiological analysis of patients with cerebral aneurysm submitted for an embolization at São José do Avaí Hospital

Introduction

Cerebral aneurysms affect between 1% and 5% of the adult population and are responsible for significant rates of morbidity and mortality. The treatment of intracranial aneurysms has evolved substantially since the introduction of endovascular neurosurgery by Guglielmi detachable coils in the 1990s. The ablation overtook clipping as the initial method in many centers, including Brazil, because of the safety and feasibility of this method.

Methods

This cohort retrospective study analyses the clinical and epidemiological variables. It was conducted from a database of patients submitted for an ablation in the neurosurgery department of São José do Avaí Hospital (Itaperuna – RJ, Brazil) in the period December 2006 to May 2007.

Results

We studied 510 patients submitted for ablation: 406 females (79.6%) and 104 males (20.4%). The average age of patients was 50.9 years (OR = 14). The total of patients studied that required hospitalization in the ICU was 176 (34.4%), staying on average 6.1 days (OR = 5.0). Hunt–Hess scale prevalence: 1 – 57.0%, 2 – 27.2%, 3 – 11.8%, 4 – 3.5%, 5 – 0.5%, and Fisher (tomography scale): 1 – 41.8%, 2 – 24.0%, 3 – 23.5%, 4 – 10.6%. We found risk factors involved in cerebral vascular accident.

Conclusion

We note the predominance of females for the occurrence of cerebral vascular aneurysmatic accident. The average age of patients was 50.9 years. Systemic hypertension and smoking showed a strong association with the presence of intracranial aneurysms. The arteries of the previous segment were those that had a higher incidence of aneurysms. The majority of patients did not require hospitalization in the ICU. The mortality rate of cerebral vascular accident in patients with endovascular coiling was 11.3%.