|
Unrousable coma
|
Glasgow Coma Scale score ≤9; exclude other causes; should persist ≥30 minutes after a generalized convulsion
|
3 (2,5)
|
|
Impaired consciousness
|
Mental clouding, rousable
|
11 (9)
|
|
Multiple seizures
|
Three or more convulsions observed within 24 hours
|
0 (0)
|
|
Respiratory distress
|
Acidotic breathing, pulmonary oedema, or acute respiratory distress syndrome, on the basis of radiographic densities, hypoxaemia, and positive end-expiratory pressure
|
4 (3.3)
|
|
Circulatory collapse or shock
|
Systolic blood pressure <80 mmHg despite adequate volume repletion
|
5 (4.1)
|
|
Abnormal bleeding
|
Spontaneous bleeding from gums, nose, gastrointestinal tract, or laboratory evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation
|
4 (3.3)
|
|
Jaundice/hyperbilirubinaemia
|
Icteric sclera/buccal mucosa, or serum bilirubin >50 μmol/l (>3 mg/dl)
|
17 (13.9)
|
|
Severe anaemia
|
Heemoglobin concentration <5 g/l, or haematocrit <15%
|
0 (0)
|
|
Hypoglycaemia
|
Whole blood glucose concentration <2.2 mmol/l (<40 mg/dl)
|
3 (2.5)
|
|
Renal failure
|
Serum creatinine >265 μmol/l, oliguria (<400 ml/24 hours) despite adequate rehydration
|
5 (4.1)
|
|
Hyperparasitaemia
|
More than 5% parasitized erythrocytes or >250,000 parasites/μl (in nonimmune individuals)
|
13 (10.7)
|
|
Acidosis
|
Plasma bicarbonate <15 mmol/l or base excess under -10, or acidaemia (arteria/capillaryl pH <7.25)
|
4 (3.3)
|
|
Macroscopic haemoglobinuria
|
Dark or red urine; exclude haematuria, haemolysis not secondary to glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
|
ND
|
