Study of risk factors and prognoses in female patients younger than 60 years old with acute myocardial infarction

Introduction

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the most common cardiovascular emergencies. Studies about old female patients with AMI are much more frequent than those about younger patients. The objective of our study is to analyze the risk factors and prognoses of female patients younger than 60 years old with AMI.

Methods

Seventy-five female patients younger than 60 years old with AMI were compared with 440 male patients regarding hypertension, hyperlipemia, diabetes, smoking, occupation, body mass index, complications and hospital mortality.

Results

The morbidity of hyperlipemia and the ratios of mental labors and smoking in female patients were significantly lower than those in male patients (P < 0.001, P < 0.05, P < 0.001, respectively); the morbidity of hypertension and the ratios of physical labors in female patients were significantly higher than those in male patients (P < 0.001, all); the morbidity of diabetes and body mass index were similar in both sexes. The incidence of complications in female patients was significantly higher than that in male patients (P < 0.05), and the hospital mortality was similar in both sexes.

Conclusion

The incidence of AMI in female patients younger than 60 years old was much less than that in male patients, which probably related to lower blood fat and more physical labors in female patients. Hypertension played a more important role in female patients younger than 60 years old with AMI as compared with male patients. The prognoses in female patients were worse than those in male patients, probably owing to the higher morbidity of hypertension in female patients.