Table 1 Commonly used medications that can produce hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia as adverse effects
Adverse effect | Drugs |
|---|---|
Hypoglycaemia | Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors |
| Â | Budesonide |
| Â | Chlorpromazine |
| Â | Disopyramide (isolated cases) |
| Â | Ethanol |
| Â | Quinine |
Hyperglycaemia | Adrenaline (ephinephrine) |
|  | β2 agonists (in diabetes) |
| Â | Ciclosporin |
| Â | Clonidine |
| Â | Corticosteroids |
| Â | Diazoxide |
| Â | Diuretics (mainly thiazides) |
| Â | Glucose |
| Â | Isoniazid |
| Â | Nicotinic acid |
| Â | Noradrenaline (norephinephrine) |
| Â | Octreotide |
| Â | Olanzapine |
| Â | Oral contraceptives |
| Â | Phenytoin |
| Â | Risperidone |
| Â | Rituximab |
| Â | Theophylline |
Miscellaneous | Acetazolamide (potentiates action of hypoglycaemics) |
| Â | Amitriptyline (elevates or decreases blood sugar levels) |
| Â | Imipramine (isolated cases of increase or decrease in blood sugar levels) |
| Â | Pentamidine (life threatening hypoglycaemia, less severe hyperglycaemia) |
| Â | Tacrolimus (elevates or decreases blood sugar levels) |
| Â | Triamterene (impaired glucose metabolism [<1/100] [33]) |