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Table 4 Bivariate analysis of risk factors for in-hospital mortality

From: Timing of adequate antibiotic therapy is a greater determinant of outcome than are TNF and IL-10 polymorphisms in patients with sepsis

Factor

Nonsurvivors (n = 52)

Survivors (n = 172)

RR (95% CI)

P

Sex

  

0.46 (0.28–0.74)

0.007

   Male

21 (40.4)

106 (61.6)

  

   Female

31 (59.6)

66 (38.4)

  

Age (years)a

61.5 (47.2–71.7)

67 (56.5–75.7)

 

0.09

Hepatic cirrhosis

5 (9.6)

9 (5.2)

1.93 (0.48–6.75)

0.32

Immunosuppression

5 (9.6)

4 (2.3)

4.47 (0.91–23.25)

0.03

COPD

5 (9.6)

17 (9.9)

0.97 (0.27–2.93)

0.95

End-stage renal disease

5 (9.6)

7 (4.1)

2.51 (0.6–9.62)

0.15

Chronic cardiac failure

2 (3.8)

3 (1.7)

2.25 (0.18–20.16)

0.33

Diabetes mellitus

13 (25)

44 (25.6)

0.97 (0.45–2.09)

0.93

Noncured malignancy

8 (15.4)

4 (2.3)

1.92 (7.64–35.84)

0.001

Alcoholism

5(9.6)

18 (10.5)

0.91 (0.25–2.73)

0.86

Smoking habit

8 (15.4)

41 (23.8)

0.65 (0.33–1.29)

0.25

APACHE IIa

18.5 (14–23.75)

12 (8–17)

 

<0.001

APACHE II admission ICUa,b

22.5 (18–26)

15.5 (10–19.75)

 

<0.001

SOFA (1)a,c

6 (3–11)

3 (1–7)

 

<0.001

SOFA admission ICUa,b

10.5 (6.75–14)

6 (3–9.25)

 

<0.001

Bacteraemia

13 (25)

43 (25)

1 (0.46–2.16)

1

Site of infection

   Urologic

4 (7.7)

30 (17.5)

0.39 (0.1–1.21)

 

   Central nervous system

3 (5.7)

10 (5.8)

0.75 (0.13–2.84)

 

   Other

0 (0)

4 (2.3)

0 (0–5.04)

 

   Soft tissue

3 (5.8)

14 (8.1)

0.69 (0.12–2.63)

 

   Abdomen

23 (44.2)

59 (34.3)

1.52 (0.77–2.99)

 

   Unknown

4 (7.7)

5 (2.9)

2.78 (0.53–13.42)

 

   Lung

15 (28.8)

50 (29.1)

0.67 (0.32–1.37)

 

Genotype

   -308 TNF-α promoter polymorphism

  

1.28 (0.49–3.46)

0.59

GG

45 (86.5)

141 (82%)

  

GA/AA

7 (13.5)

31 (18)

  

   TNF-β (Nco I polymorphism)

  

0.74 (0.37–1.5)

0.37

GG/GA

17 (33.7)

68 (39.6)

  

AA

35 (67.3)

104 (60.4)

  

   IL-10-1082

  

0.7 (0.22–1.88)

0.42

GG

6 (11.6)

27 (15.7)

  

GA/AA

46 (88.4)

145 (84.3)

  

   Genotype -308 TNF GA/AA, TNF-β AA, IL-10-1082 GG

  

0.92 (0.45–1.84)

0.8

Yes

18 (34.1)

63 (36.6)

  

No

34 (65.4)

109 (63.4)

  

Empirical antibiotic therapy

   

<0.001

   Adequate

24 (46.1)

118 (68.6)

0.39 (0.20–0.77)

 

   Inadequate

12 (23.1)

4 (2.3)

12.6 (3.53–55.57)

 

   Not evaluable

16 (30.8)

50 (29.1)

1.08 (0.52–2.24)

 

Delayed surgical interventiona,d

16 (7–36)

12.5 (8–24)

 

0.77

Delayed of AATa

7 (4–28)

5 (3–10)

 

0.008

  1. Unless otherwise stated, values are expressed as n (%). aResults expressed as median (25th to 75th percentiles). bOnly 178 patients were admitted to the ICU. c SOFA (1) means SOFA score in the first 24 hours in the hospital. dOnly in 'surgical patients' (n = 93). AAT, appropriate antibiotic therapy; APACHE, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICU, intensive care unit; RR, relative risk; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.
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