Protein C concentrations in severe sepsis: an early directional change in plasma levels predicts outcome

Table 2 Protein C and additional measures as risk factors in PROWESS placebo patients

Parameter	Baseline protein C			Baseline and day 1 protein C
	Odds ratio^a	95% confidence interval	P value	Odds ratio^a	95% confidence interval	P value
APACHE II score^b	1.31	1.16–1.48	<0.0001	1.33	1.17–1.51	<0.0001
Age^c	1.17	1.10–1.24	<0.0001	1.17	1.10–1.24	<0.0001
Log IL-6^d	1.48	1.22–1.80	<0.0001	1.30	1.06–1.60	0.010
Comorbidity	2.00	1.32–3.03	0.001	1.80	1.17–2.78	0.008
Dependencies^e	1.70	1.17–2.46	0.006	1.81	1.23–2.68	0.003
Urosepsis	0.47	0.25–0.87	0.020	0.42	0.22–0.79	0.008
Baseline protein C ≤ 40%	1.75	1.21–2.53	0.003	2.74	1.75–4.30	<0.0001
Baseline protein C ≤ 40% and day 1 protein C >40%	-	-	-	0.43	0.20–0.93	0.030
Baseline protein C >40% and day 1 protein C 10% decrease	-	-	-	1.87	1.12–3.11	0.020

APACHE, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation. All patients with baseline protein C values from the PROWESS trial (n = 1574) were included in analyses. Risk factors used were previously found to be significant predictors of outcome in analyses of data from PROWESS [15]. ^aBased on multivariable logistic regression; values >1 indicate increased risk, values <1 indicate lower risk. ^bPer 5-point increase in baseline score. ^cPer 5-year increase in age. ^dPer 10 times increase in baseline IL-6. ^ePatient was considered dependent if they were dependent in one or more activities on the Activities of Daily Living scale [16].

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