Table 2 Subject demographic and clinical characteristics by use of a β-lactam plus fluoroquinolone versus non-use
Variable | β-lactam plus fluoroquinolone | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
Use (n = 50) | Non-use (n = 122) | ||
Age (years) | 62.9 ± 14 | 63.8 +/- 16 | 0.4 |
Men | 44 (88) | 106 (87) | 0.9 |
Nursing home resident | 10 (20) | 8 (7) | 0.009 |
Emergency department admission | 46 (92) | 110 (90) | 0.7 |
Admitted to intensive care =24 hours | 37 (74) | 69 (57) | 0.03 |
Mechanical ventilation | 21 (38) | 34 (28) | 0.08 |
Pre-existing comorbid conditions | |||
Congestive heart failure | 10 (20) | 31 (25) | 0.04 |
Chronic pulmonary disease | 18 (36) | 35 (28) | 0.3 |
History of stroke | 12 (24) | 22 (18) | 0.4 |
Chronic liver disease | 6 (12) | 13 (10) | 0.8 |
History of malignancy | 6 (12) | 18 (15) | 0.6 |
Renal insufficiency | 11 (22) | 25 (20) | 0.8 |
History, physical, laboratory, and radiographic data | |||
Altered mental status | 13 (26) | 29 (24) | 0.8 |
Respiratory rate >30 per minute | 12 (24) | 25 (20) | 0.6 |
Systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg | 1 (2) | 6 (5) | 0.4 |
Heart rate >125 per minute | 17 (34) | 26 (21) | 0.08 |
Temperature <95°C or >104°C | 5 (10) | 4 (3) | 0.07 |
Arterial pH <7.35 | 14 (28) | 22 (18) | 0.15 |
Arterial oxygenation <90% | 15 (30) | 53 (43) | 0.1 |
Hematocrit <30% | 3 (6) | 20 (16) | 0.07 |
Blood urea nitrogen >30 mg/dl | 24 (48) | 49 (40) | 0.3 |
Serum glucose >250 mg/dl | 6 (12) | 18 (15) | 0.6 |
Serum sodium <130 meq/l | 19 (20) | 19 (24) | 0.6 |
Pleural effusion | 20 (40) | 45 (37) | 0.7 |
Multi-lobar infiltrates | 24 (48) | 58 (48) | 0.9 |
Pneumonia severity index | |||
Class I to III | 13 (26) | 27 (22) | |
Class IV | 14 (28) | 34 (28) | |
Class V | 23 (46) | 61 (50) | 0.8 |
Processes of care | |||
Initial antibiotics within 4 hours | 13 (26) | 43 (35) | 0.4 |
Blood cultures prior to antibiotics | 41 (82) | 98 (80) | 0.8 |
Oxygenation assessed =24 hours | 42 (84) | 108 (89) | 0.4 |