Table 1 Subject demographic and clinical characteristics by 30-day mortality
Variable | 30-day mortality | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
Alive (n = 138) | Dead (n = 34) | ||
Age (years) | 63.9 ± 16 | 61.8 ± 14 | 0.2 |
Men | 123 (90) | 27 (79) | 0.1 |
Nursing home resident | 14 (10) | 4 (11) | 0.7 |
Emergency department admission | 126 (91) | 30 (88) | 0.6 |
Admitted to intensive care =24 hours | 82 (59) | 24 (71) | 0.6 |
Mechanical ventilation | 52 (37) | 3 (8) | <0.001 |
Pre-existing comorbid conditions | |||
Congestive heart failure | 36 (26) | 5 (15) | 0.2 |
Chronic pulmonary disease | 45 (33) | 8 (24) | 0.3 |
History of stroke | 30 (22) | 4 (12) | 0.2 |
Chronic liver disease | 13 (9) | 6 (18) | 0.17 |
History of malignancy | 13 (9) | 11 (32) | 0.001 |
Renal insufficiency | 4 (3) | 0 | 0.3 |
History, physical, laboratory, and radiographic data | |||
Altered mental status | 33 (24) | 9 (26) | 0.8 |
Respiratory rate >30 per minute | 29 (21) | 8 (24) | 0.7 |
Systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg | 6 (4) | 1 (3) | 0.7 |
Heart rate >125 per minute | 29 (21) | 14 (41) | 0.015 |
Temperature <95°C or >104°C | 7 (5) | 2 (6) | 0.8 |
Arterial pH <7.35 | 25 (18) | 11 (32) | 0.07 |
Arterial oxygenation <90% | 52 (38) | 16 (47) | 0.3 |
Hematocrit <30% | 21 (15) | 2 (6) | 0.15 |
Blood urea nitrogen >30 mg/dl | 58 (42) | 15 (44) | 0.8 |
Serum glucose >250 mg/dl | 21 (15) | 3 (8) | 0.3 |
Serum sodium <130 meq/l | 30 (22) | 8 (24) | 0.8 |
Pleural effusion | 48 (35) | 17 (50) | 0.1 |
Multilobar infiltrates | 64 (47) | 18 (52) | 0.5 |
Pneumonia severity index | |||
Class I to III | 34 (25) | 6 (18) | |
Class IV | 40 (29) | 8 (24) | |
Class V | 64 (46) | 20 (58) | 0.4 |
Processes of care | |||
Initial antibiotics within 4 hours | 46 (30) | 10 (29) | 0.7 |
Blood cultures prior to antibiotics | 110 (79) | 29 (85) | 0.45 |
Oxygenation assessed =24 hours | 120 (87) | 30 (88) | 0.8 |