Appendix 2 Table 1 Optimized levels for central venous pressure, mean arterial pressure, and central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO₂)

Central venous pressure

8–12 mmHg (achieved by giving a 500 ml bolus of crystalloid every 30 min)

Mean arterial pressure

≥ 65 ≤ 90 mmHg (if < 65 mmHg, give vasopressors; if > 90 mmHg, give vasodilators)

ScvO₂

If < 70%, transfuse with red cells to reach an hematocrit of ≥ 30%