Psychometric comparison of three behavioural scales for the assessment of pain in critically ill patients unable to self-report

Table 2 Demographic and medical characteristics of the 30 patients included for analysis

Age (years)	67 [57-74]
Sex (F/M)	19/11
Body mass index (kg/m^-2)	26 [22-30]
Chronic pain syndrome, n (%)	11 (36%)
Reason for admission to the ICU
Acute respiratory failure, n (%)	17 (57%)
Severe sepsis/septic shock, n (%)	8 (27%)
Miscellaneous, n (%)*	6 (20%)
Time between admission to ICU and enrolment (days)	4 [2-7]
APACHE II score within 24 h after admission to ICU	23 [20-29]
SOFA score upon enrolment	8 [7-11]
Mechanical ventilation upon enrolment, n (%)	19 (63%)
Sedation upon enrolment	13 (43%)
Propofol, n (%)	12 (40%)
Dose (μg.kg ^-1 .min ^-1 )	10 [5-11]
Dexmedetomidine, n (%)	1 (3%)
Analgesia upon enrolment	16 (53%)
Fentanyl, n (%)	15 (50%)
Dose (μg.kg ^-1 .h ^-1 )	0.9 [0.6-1.2]
Hydromorphone, n (%)	1 (3%)
RASS level	-1 [-3; +1]
RASS level = 0, n (%)	4 (13%)
RASS level >0, n (%)	6 (20%)
RASS level <0, n (%)	20 (67%)
CAM-ICU positive in non-sedated patients, n/N (%)	17/17 (100%)

Continuous data are expressed in median [25^th to 75^th percentiles]. *Miscellaneous reasons for admission to the ICU: metabolic, acute hepatitis, altered mental status, mechanical ventilation weaning, agitation post procedure.
ICU, Intensive Care Unit; APACHE II score, Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation II score; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; RASS, Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale; CAM-ICU, Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit.

ISSN: 1364-8535