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Table 2 Pathogens (n = 140) associated with HAP

From: Development of antibiotic treatment algorithms based on local ecology and respiratory surveillance cultures to restrict the use of broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs in the treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia in the intensive care unit: a retrospective analysis

Pathogen

Number of total

Gram-positive bacteria

 

 Staphylococcus aureus

14 (10.0)

 MRSA

(5%)

 Streptococcus pneumonia

5 (3.6)

 Other streptococci

1 (0.7)

Gram-negative bacteria

 

 Enterobacteriaceae

70 (50.0)

 Escherichia coli

31 (22.1)

 Enterobacter sp.

13 (9.3)

 Klebsiella sp.

12 (8.6)

 Serratia sp.

6 (4.3)

 Morganella morganii

4 (2.9)

 Citrobacter sp.

2 (1.4)

 Hafnia alvei

1 (0.7)

 Proteus sp.

1 (0.7)

 ESBL-producing enterobacteriaceae

(5.7%)

 Non-fermenters

35 (25)

 Pseudomonas aeruginosa

27 (19.3)

 Ceftazidim resistance

(5%)

 Carbapenem resistance

(6.4%)

 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

5 (3.6)

 Acinetobacter baumannii*

3 (2.1)

 Other gram-negative bacteria

 

 Haemophilus influenzae

12 (8.6)

 Moraxella catarrhalis

3 (2.1)

Total

140

  1. *All Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were third generation cephalosporin-resistant and carbapenem sensitive. HAP, hospital-acquired pneumonia; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; ESBL, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae.