Midazolam and propofol used alone or sequentially for long-term sedation in critically ill, mechanically ventilated patients: a prospective, randomized study

Table 3 Analysis of treatment outcomes ^a

Data	1 Group M (n = 37)	2 Group P (n = 35)	3 Group M-P (n = 32)	P value	*Post hoc* test (P < 0.017)
Sedation time (hours)	142.0 (94.5)	120.0 (70.0)	112.5 (101.0)	0.73
Mechanical ventilation time (hours)	192.0 (124.0)	126.0 (71.7)	114.8 (95.5)	0.02	1 vs. 2; 1 vs. 3
Recovery time^b (hours)	45.0 (26.0)	1.5 (1.0)	1.0 (1.0)	<0.01	1 vs. 2; 1 vs. 3
Extubation time^c (hours)	45.0 (24.5)	3.0 (1.0)	2.0 (1.5)	<0.01	1 vs. 2; 1 vs. 3
Length of stay in hospital (days)	23.0 (26.5)	17.0 (40.0)	28.5 (31.5)	0.24
ICU duration (days)	17.0 (7.5)	10.0 (16.0)	12.5 (8.0)	0.04	1 vs. 3
ICU mortality	5 (13.5%)	6 (17.1%)	4 (12.5%)	0.85
Hospitalization mortality	7 (18.9%)	7 (20.0%)	4 (12.5%)	0.68

Data expressed as median (interquartile range) for non-normally distributed data or number (%) for nominal data. Kruskal–Wallis analysis of variance was used for non-normally distributed data comparisons, and the nominal data comparisons were based on either the chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test. In the presence of a significant difference in the three groups (P < 0.05), the parameters between any two groups were further compared with the value of α adjusted to 0.017. ^aCalculation of 104 patients in the per-treatment-received analysis. ^bTime from the stopping of sedation until awake. ^cTime from the stopping of sedation until extubation.

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