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Table 1 Available extracorporeal respiratory support devices and strategies

From: Extracorporeal life support devices and strategies for management of acute cardiorespiratory failure in adult patients: a comprehensive review

ECLS strategy

Principle indication(s)

VV ECMO standard (femoral vein–femoral vein)

Default strategy for complete extracorporeal respiratory support

VV ECMO (dual-lumen cannula)

Complete or partial respiratory support predominantly

 

Bridge to lung transplant

VV ECMO high flow (SVC and IVC access)

Complete respiratory support for larger patients; for example, male weight >90 kg

VV ECMO high flow with two oxygenators in parallel

Complete respiratory support for very large patients; for example, male weight >120 kg

Femoral VV with pump (iLAâ„¢Activve; Novalung GmbH, Hechingen, Germany)

Complete or partial respiratory support

Pulmonary artery–left atrium pumpless with oxygenator (iLA™; Novalung GmbH)

Bridge to lung transplant

 

Salvage for refractory hypoxia during complete respiratory support on VV ECMO

 

Salvage for severe pulmonary hypertension with normal left heart

Femoral arterio-venous pumpless (iLAâ„¢; Novalung GmbH)

Partial respiratory support only in a very haemodynamically stable patient

VV ECCOR (Hemolungâ„¢; Alung Technologies, Pittsburgh, PA, USA)

Partial respiratory support

  1. Complete respiratory support, oxygenation and carbon dioxide removal; partial respiratory support, carbon dioxide removal and some or no oxygenation. ECCOR, extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal; ECLS, extracorporeal life support; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; IVC, inferior vena cava, iLA, interventional lung assist; SVC, superior vena cava; VV, venovenous.
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Critical Care

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