Pharmacokinetics, hemodynamic and metabolic effects of epinephrine to prevent post-operative low cardiac output syndrome in children

Table 2 Population pharmacokinetic parameters

Parameters	Estimate	RSE (%)
θ_CL (L⋅h^-1⋅kg^-1)	2	17
θ_BW (CL(BW_i) = θ_CL × BW_i^3/4 )	0.75 (fixed)	NA
θ_q0 (μg⋅h^-1⋅kg^-1)	0.15	19
θ_BW (q0(BW_i) = θ_q0 × BW_i^3/4 )	0.75 (fixed)	NA
V (L) for a 10 Kg individual	0.8	NA
T_½ (min), for a 10 Kg individual	3	NA
η_CL (square root of ω²_CL)	1	14
η_q0 (square root of ω²_q0)	1.1	13
Residual variability (proportional)	0.3	15
Correlation (η_CL, η_q0)	0.88	5

The volume of distribution of epinephrine was ascribed to the circulating volume, estimated as a function of bodyweight (see Materials and methods). CL, elimination clearance; q0, endogenous production rate; V, volume of distribution; CV, circulating volume; θ_CL, typical unit clearance; θ_q0,typical unit endogenous production rate; θ_BW, bodyweight influential parameter; T_½, half-life.
RSE, relative standard error; η, between-subject variability (BSV); BW, bodyweight; NA, not applicable.

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