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Table 2 The reported ethical quality of animal research published in three critical care journals during 6 months of 2012: reduction and replacement

From: The ethical dimension in published animal research in critical care: the public face of science

Criterion

Number of 77 publications meeting criterion (n(%))

Reduction

 

Sample-size calculation for primary outcome reported

4 (5%)

Animal numbers stated in Methods

61 (79%)

Extra animals mentioned in the Results (that were not stated in Methods)

31 (40%)

Replacement

 

Systematic review of literature referenced or done

0 (0%)

Alternative methods to using animals were considereda

1 (1%)

Why that animal model was chosen was mentionedb

17 (22%)

  1. a Alternative not used because “unethical to use in humans.”
  2. b Why that animal model was used: similarity to humans (10), laboratory experience with model (one), a published model (six).