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Table 1 Comparisons of clinical and biochemical variables according to baseline RDW value and ΔRDW 72hr-adm

From: An increase in red blood cell distribution width from baseline predicts mortality in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock

Variables

Total (n = 329)

Groups based on baseline RDW value and ΔRDW72hr-adm†

P value

  

Group 1

Group 2

Group 3

Group 4

 
  

(n = 108)

(n = 63)

(n = 121)

(n = 37)

 

Demographic data

 Age (years)

64.4 ± 15.6

59.7 ± 17.9

67.0 ± 12.1

66.3 ± 14.3

67.2 ± 15.7

0.002

 Male, n (%)

161 (48.9%)

47 (43.5%)

36 (57.1%)

56 (46.3%)

22 (59.5%)

0.176

 MAP (mmHg)

60.0 ± 8.3

60.2 ± 8.7

60.7 ± 7.7

59.7 ± 7.9

59.4 ± 9.8

0.863

 BMI (kg/m2)

23.0 ± 3.9

23.3 ± 4.1

22.1 ± 4.4

23.3 ± 3.4

22.7 ± 3.9

0.150

 APACHE II score

17.5 ± 7.3

14.8 ± 6.4

19.2 ± 17.3

17.3 ± 6.7

23.0 ± 7.6

<0.001

 SOFA score

8.1 ± 2.8

7.0 ± 2.5

8.8 ± 2.7

8.1 ± 2.9

9.5 ± 3.0

<0.001

 Charlson Comorbidity Index

1.4 ± 1.5

1.1 ± 1.3

2.0 ± 1.7

1.2 ± 1.4

1.5 ± 1.5

0.001

Biochemical data

 RDW at baseline (%)

14.0 ± 1.6

13.2 ± 0.7

16.0 ± 1.3

13.0 ± 0.8

15.8 ± 1.1

<0.001

 RDW at 72 hours (%)

14.1 ± 1.6

13.0 ± 0.7

15.6 ± 1.3

13.6 ± 0.8

16.5 ± 1.2

<0.001

 WBC (x 103/mm3)

13.9 ± 9.3

13.0 ± 7.4

15.1 ± 12.0

14.5 ± 9.8

12.2 ± 6.2

0.286

 Hemoglobin (g/dL)

12.3 ± 2.2

12.8 ± 2.1

11.5 ± 1.8

12.5 ± 2.0

11.6 ± 2.7

<0.001

 Hematocrit (%)

36.6 ± 6.2

37.7 ± 6.1

34.7 ± 5.5

37.0 ± 5.9

35.3 ± 8.0

0.010

 CRP (mg/dL)

15.2 ± 11.3

13.1 ± 10.3

14.4 ± 11.8

16.9 ± 11.1

16.7 ± 13.1

0.054

 Creatinine (mg/dL)

2.1 ± 1.8

1.7 ± 1.7

2.4 ± 2.1

2.0 ± 1.5

2.6 ± 2.2

0.026

 eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)

54.0 ± 27.7

59.0 ± 26.5

56.9 ± 29.9

49.5 ± 26.5

49.5 ± 29.5

0.045

 Albumin (g/dL)

3.3 ± 0.7

3.6 ± 0.6

2.9 ± 0.8

3.4 ± 0.6

2.9 ± 0.8

<0.001

 Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

128.7 ± 43.0

138.3 ± 41.9

115.1 ± 44.1

131.4 ± 39.8

114.8 ± 46.3

0.001

 Total bilirubin (mg/dL)

1.3 ± 1.5

1.2 ± 1.1

1.3 ± 1.7

1.2 ± 1.1

1.7 ± 2.7

0.224

 pH

7.42 ± 0.10

7.43 ± 0.08

7.41 ± 0.12

7.43 ± 0.09

7.39 ± 0.09

0.113

 Bicarbonate (mEq/L)

21.0 ± 5.2

21.1 ± 4.9

20.8 ± 5.6

21.3 ± 5.1

20.6 ± 6.1

0.094

 Lactate (mmol/L)

3.40 ± 2.80

3.17 ± 2.64

3.77 ± 2.56

3.13 ± 2.93

4.35 ± 3.00

0.065

Infection site, n (%)

0.002

 Lung (pneumonia)

80 (24.3%)

15 (13.9%)

23 (36.5%)

24 (19.8%)

18 (48.6%)

 

 Urinary tract

81 (24.6%)

30 (27.8%)

10 (15.9%)

37 (30.6%)

4 (10.8%)

 

 Intra-abdominal site

72 (21.9%)

29 (26.9%)

10 (15.9%)

26 (21.5%)

7 (18.9%)

 

 Other

71 (21.6%)

28 (25.9%)

14 (22.2%)

24 (19.8%)

5 (13.5%)

 

 Multiple sites

25 (7.6%)

6 (5.6%)

6 (9.5%)

10 (8.3%)

3 (8.1%)

 

Acute kidney injury, n (%) ‡

174 (52.9%)

49 (45.4%)

35 (55.6%)

68 (56.2%)

22 (59.5%)

0.284

RRT, n (%)

54 (16.4%)

6 (5.6%)

15 (23.8%)

16 (13.2%)

17 (45.9%)

<0.001

28-day mortality, n (%)

33 (10.0%)

2 (1.9%)

11 (17.5%)

8 (6.6%)

12 (32.4%)

<0.001

90-day mortality, n (%)

48 (14.6%)

2 (1.9%)

13 (20.6%)

16 (13.2%)

17 (45.9%)

<0.001

Total length of hospital stay (days)

19.3 ± 22.8

14.3 ± 11.7

26.9 ± 22.8

16.6 ± 10.8

44.2 ± 64.3

<0.001

  1. Data are expressed as mean (with SD) or n (%). †Group 1 was defined as patients with RDW levels with the reference range (normal RDW level) at baseline and ΔRDW72hr-adm ≤0.2%, group 2 as patients with increased RDW at baseline and ΔRDW72hr-adm ≤0.2%, group 3 as patients with normal RDW at baseline and ΔRDW72hr-adm >0.2%, and group 4 as patients with increased RDW at baseline and ΔRDW72hr-adm >0.2%; ‡acute kidney injury was defined as any of the following: (i) increase in serum creatinine by ≥0.3 mg/dL within 48 hours, (ii) increase in serum creatinine to ≥1.5 times baseline, which is known or presumed to have occurred within the prior 7 days, (iii) urine volume <0.5 ml/kg/hour for 6 hours. RDW, red blood cell distribution width; ΔRDW72hr-adm, RDW at 72 hours – RDW at baseline; MAP, mean arterial pressure; BMI, body mass index; WBC, white blood cell; CRP, C-reactive protein; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; RRT, renal replacement therapy.
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Critical Care

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