Table 2 Patients classified by Shock Index: traditional vital signs presented at ED admission and at scene
Group I (SI <0.6, no shock) | Group II (SI ≥0.6 to <1.0, mild shock) | Group III (SI ≥1.0 to <1.4, moderate shock) | Group IV (SI ≥1.4, severe shock) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Vital signs | ||||
SBP at scene (mmHg) | ||||
Mean ± standard deviation | 136.8 (32.8) | 121.9 (29.4) | 105.2 (33.1) | 92.9 (34.4) |
Median (IQR) | 138 (120 to 160) | 120 (105 to 140) | 100 (90 to 120) | 90 (70 to 110) |
SBP at ED (mmHg) | ||||
Mean ± standard deviation | 148.4 (25.6) | 124.1 (20.2) | 96.9 (16.8) | 70.6 (15.7) |
Median (IQR) | 147 (130 to 160) | 120 (110 to 138) | 98 (86 to 108) | 70 (60 to 80) |
HR at scene (beats/minute) | ||||
Mean ± standard deviation | 83.0 (19.2) | 94.0 (20.6) | 103.7 (26.6) | 110.5 (31.3) |
Median (IQR) | 80 (70 to 95) | 94 (80 to 105) | 105 (90 to 120) | 115 (100 to 130) |
HR at ED (beats/minute) | ||||
Mean ± standard deviation | 73.7 (13.6) | 91.3 (15.1) | 109.1 (17.9) | 122.7 (19.5) |
Median (IQR) | 74 (65 to 80) | 90 (80 to 100) | 110 (100 to 120) | 120 (110 to 135) |
SI at scene (beats/minute) | ||||
Mean ± standard deviation | 0.6 (0.2) | 0.8 (0.3) | 1.1 (0.4) | 1.3 (0.5) |
Median (IQR) | 0.6 (0.5 to 0.7) | 0.8 (0.6 to 0.9) | 1.0 (1.0 to 1.0) | 1.2 (0.9 to 1.6) |
GCS at scene (points) | 14 (9 to 15) | 14 (8 to 15) | 11 (4 to 15) | 8 (3 to 14) |
GCS at ED (points) | 13 (3 to 15) | 10 (3 to 15) | 3 (3 to 12) | 3 (3 to 3) |
Intubation rate at ED admission | 2,515 (39.3) | 5,639 (47.4) | 1,538 (68.3) | 805 (80.7) |