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Prehospital hyperoxemia does not influence the functional neurological outcome in polytraumatized patients with traumatic head injury
Critical Care volume 17, Article number: P285 (2013)
Introduction
The association between hyperoxemia and neurological outcome in trauma patients is not clear. We examined the association between prehospital hyperoxemia and neurological outcome in polytraumatized patients.
Methods
This was a retrospective study of polytraumatized patients with traumatic head injury who were endotracheal intubated and ventilated with supplemental oxygen (100%) in the prehospital emergency setting. Arterial partial oxygen pressure (PaO2) was measured after arrival at the hospital trauma center. We included patients with initial PaO2 above 160 mmHg (hyperoxemia group). The severity of the trauma was determined upon the admission to the hospital by the Injury Severity Scale (ISS) and the outcome was assessed at the discharge from the hospital using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) and Cerebral Performance Categories scale (CPC). Mann-Whitney's test was used for data analysis.
Results
Sixty patients were involved in the study. Forty-eight (80%) of them were men and 86.7% sustained blunt trauma. Hyperoxemia was present in 41.6% of patients. Initial average ISS was 38, in patients with normoxemia 32.5 and in patients with hyperoxemia 35.4. Discharge GCS, GOS and CPC in the hyperoxemia group compared with the normoxemia group were 9.86 versus 9.33 (P = 0.503), 2.52 versus 2.24 (P = 0.613) and 3.10 versus 3.19 (P = 0.936) with the duration of hospitalization of 26.64 days versus 27.72 days (P = 0.984).
Conclusion
Prehospital hyperoxemia did not influence the functional neurological outcome. One of the reasons for this finding could be the short arrival time to the trauma center where repeated analyses of arterial blood gases were performed. Therefore, correction of fraction of inspired oxygen according to the arterial blood gas analysis shortens the time of hyperoxemia, thus reducing neuronal brain damage.
References
Beynon , et al.: Brain tissue oxygen monitoring and hyperoxic treatment in patients with traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma 2012, 29: 2109-2123. 10.1089/neu.2012.2365
Brenner , et al.: Association between early hyperoxia and worse outcomes after traumatic brain injury. Arch Surg 2012, 16: 1-5.
Davis , et al.: Both hypoxemia and extreme hyperoxemia may be detrimental in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma 2009, 26: 2217-2223. 10.1089/neu.2009.0940
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Popovic, V.V., Pelcl, T., Spindler, M. et al. Prehospital hyperoxemia does not influence the functional neurological outcome in polytraumatized patients with traumatic head injury. Crit Care 17 (Suppl 2), P285 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1186/cc12223
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/cc12223