Table 1 Summary of the physiological studies
From: Clinical review: Helmet and non-invasive mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients
Source | Type of non-invasive ventilation | Number of subjects | Interface | Control | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patroniti et al. (2003) [7] | CPAP | 8 | Helmet | FM | Higher CO2 rebreathing with helmet |
Taccone et al. (2004) [8] | CPAP | 8 | Helmet | FM | Higher CO2 rebreathing with helmet |
Patroniti et al. (2007) [9] | CPAP | 5 | Helmet with and without antisuffocation valve | - | CO2 rebreathing limited by safety valve |
Milan et al. (2011) [10] | CPAP | 5 | Helmet with antisuffocation valve | - | CO2 rebreathing decreased by a higher diameter of safety valve |
Costa et al. (2005) [11] | PSV | 8 | Helmet | - | CO2 rebreathing not affected by PEEP on PSV level; inspiratory effort decreased, increasing the PSV |
Racca et al. (2008) [13] | PSV - CPAP | 10 | Helmet | - | Lower CO2 rebreathing with open circuit mechanical ventilators |
Chiumello et al. (2003) [14] | PSV - CPAP | 6 | Helmet | FM | Similar breathing pattern and WOB during CPAP, higher reduction of WOB during PSV with FM |
Racca et al. (2005) [12] | PSV | 6 | Helmet | FM | Higher CO2 rebreathing, inspiratory effort, autocycled breaths and dyspnea score with helmet during respiratory muscle load |
Costa et al. (2010) [19] | PSV different inspiratory-expiratory cycling criteria | 8 | Helmet | FM | Shorter ventilator inspiratory time and longer with inspiratory-expiratory delay with helmet. The fast setting ameliorated patient-ventilator interaction |
Moerer et al. (2008) [21] | PSV pneumatically versus neutrally triggered | 7 | Helmet | - | Shorter inspiratory-expiratory delays, lower wasted efforts and better comfort with neurally triggered PSV |
Chiumello et al. (2008) [24] | CPAP | 10 | Helmet | - | Higher temperature and humidity of inspired gas compared to un-humidified medical gases |
Cavaliere et al. (2003) [25] | PSV | 10 | Helmet | FM | Higher acoustic compliance with Helmet |