Clinical review: Practical approach to hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia in critically ill patients

Table 2 Drugs associated with hyponatraemia

Groups	SIADH mechanism	Other mechanisms
Diuretics	Thiazides Indapamide	Thiazides Indapamide
Antidepressant agents	SSRI TCA (mirtazapine) SNRI (venlafaxine/duloxetin)
Antipsychotic agents	Phenothiazine Butyrophenones
Anti-seizure drugs	Carbamazapine Oxcarbazepine Valproate Nicotine Clofibrate
Antineoplastic agents	Cyclophosphamide Vincristine Ifosfamide	Cisplatin
V2-receptor agonist	Desmopressin Vasopressin Oxytocin(?)
Miscellaneous	NSAIDs Voriconazole Methylenedioxymethyl- amphetamine (ecstacy)	NSAIDs
Hypotonic fluids

NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; SIADH, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone; SNRI, serotonin-norepenephrine reuptake inhibitor; SSRI, selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor; TCA, tricyclic antidepressant.

ISSN: 1364-8535