Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of the study population and clinical characteristics stratified by event (Death/LVAD implantation/transplant) at 90 days.
Characteristic | All Patients (Number = 30) | No Event (Number = 13) | Event (Number = 17) | P a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 57 (50 - 65) | 57 (45 - 63) | 61 (53 - 65) | 0.36 |
Male sex, number (%) | 24 (77) | 9 (69) | 15 (88) | 0.36 |
Ejection fraction, % | 21 (17 - 30) | 28 (19 - 35) | 19 (17 - 25) | 0.08 |
History, number (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Ischemic cardiomyopathy | 14 (47) | 6 (46) | 8 (47) | 0.82 |
   Prior myocardial infarction | 8 (27) | 5 (39) | 3 (18) | 0.24 |
   Hypertension | 4 (17) | 3 (23) | 2 (12) | 0.63 |
   Diabetes mellitus | 11 (37) | 5 (39) | 6 (35) | 1.00 |
   Ventricular tachycardia | 12 (40) | 2 (15) | 10 (59) | 0.03 |
   Resuscitated sudden cardiac death | 5 (17) | 1 (8) | 4 (24) | 0.36 |
   Smoking (past or present) | 16 (53) | 8 (62) | 8 (47) | 0.57 |
   Atrial fibrillation | 11 (37) | 3 (23) | 8 (47) | 0.26 |
   Chronic kidney disease | 9 (30) | 3 (23) | 6 (35) | 0.69 |
   Hypothyroidism | 7(23) | 2 (15) | 5 (29) | 0.43 |
Medications on Presentation, number (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   β-blocker | 24 (80) | 11 (85) | 13 (77) | 0.67 |
   ACE Inhibitor | 13 (43) | 5 (39) | 8 (47) | 0.72 |
   ARB | 7 (23) | 3 (23) | 4 (24) | 1.00 |
   Aldosterone antagonist | 21 (70) | 8 (62) | 13 (77) | 0.44 |
   Loop diuretics | 28 (93) | 11 (85) | 17 (100) | 0.18 |
   Digoxin | 9 (30) | 2 (15) | 7 (41) | 0.23 |
Medications During Study, number (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Diuretics | 29 (97) | 12 (92) | 17 (100) | 0.43 |
   Afterload reducing agents | 13 (43) | 7 (54) | 6 (35) | 0.46 |
   Inotropic agents | 25 (83) | 9 (69) | 16 (94) | 0.14 |
Physical Examination | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Heart rate, beats/min | 78 (70 - 90) | 84 (71 - 93) | 74 (70 - 82) | 0.17 |
   Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 97 (90 - 104) | 99 (91 - 104) | 96 (85 - 104) | 0.37 |
   Body-mass index, kg/m2 | 25 (22 - 28) | 26 (24 - 29) | 24 (23 - 27) | 0.25 |
Laboratory Results | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Blood urea nitrogen, mg/dL | 25 (20 - 39) | 30 (18 - 45) | 24 (20-40) | 0.90 |
   Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.3 (1.1 - 1.8) | 1.2 (0.9 - 1.9) | 1.4 (1.2 - 1.9) | 0.32 |
   Hemoglobin, g/L | 12.0 (10.1 - 12.7) | 12.3 (11.9 - 12.7) | 11.3 (9.8 - 12.7) | 0.18 |
   Sodium, mmol/L | 138 (133 - 140) | 140 (138 - 141) | 134 (132 - 138) | 0.01 |
Hemodynamic Indices | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Central venous pressure, mmHg | 10 (8 - 17) | 10 (8 - 14) | 9 (8 - 17) | 0.73 |
   Pulmonary artery systolic pressure, mmHg | 52 (46 - 56) | 55 (52 - 60) | 48 (36 - 51) | 0.01 |
   Pulmonary artery diastolic pressure, mmHg | 23 (18 - 28) | 26 (24 - 31) | 21 (16 - 22) | 0.01 |
   Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, mmHg | 24 (17 - 28) | 25 (23 - 28) | 23 (15 - 28) | 0.31 |
   Systemic vascular resistance, dyn-s/cm5 | 1,366 (993 - 1,590) | 1,484 (974 - 1,666) | 1,281 (997 - 1,557) | 0.65 |
   Cardiac index, L/min/m2 | 2.0 (1.7 - 2.4) | 2.1 (1.7 - 2.4) | 2.0 (1.8 - 2.3) | 0.73 |
Biomarker Results | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   sST2, ng/mL | 148 (88 - 226) | 87 (66 - 145) | 183 (112 - 258) | 0.02 |
   NT-proBNP, pg/mL | 5,205 (2,591 - 10,021) | 4,437 (2,943 - 10,185) | 5,388(2,287 - 13,840) | 0.77 |
   hsTnI, ng/mL | 0.10 (0.04 - 0.20) | 0.03 (0.02 - 0.05) | 0.05 (0.02 - 0.17) | 0.32 |
   eTnI, ng/mL | 49.9 (24.0 - 140.4) | 29.6 (21.9 - 79.4) | 60.6 (28.5 - 214.2) | 0.20 |
   cys-C, ng/mL | 1.85 (1.11 - 2.16) | 1.42 (0.95 - 2.23) | 1.93 (1.50 - 2.63) | 0.27 |
   MPO, pM | 860 (513 - 1353) | 1,218 (588 - 1813) | 803 (455 - 1138) | 0.23 |
Prognostic Indices | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   SAPS II | 22 (18 - 29) | 21 (18 - 29) | 23 (18 - 29) | 0.78 |