Kidney function decline after a non-dialysis-requiring acute kidney injury is associated with higher long-term mortality in critically ill survivors

Table 5 A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model with time-dependent variables for the independent factors of long-term mortality (N = 53,833)

Covariate	HR (95% CI)	P
Demographic data
organ transplantation	0.29 (0.09, 0.98)	0.05
age	1.04 (1.02, 1.05)	< 0.001
ICU admission and surgery
CPRECMO	0.17 (0.03, 0.99)	0.048
MAP at the peak of AKI	0.99 (0.97, 1.00)	0.006
general surgical services	1.77 (1.19, 2.64)	0.005
receive CPR	6.55 (2.34, 18.32)	< 0.001
Time-dependent variables during follow-up*^†
preserved eGFR during follow-up	1	reference
baseline eGFR*CKD3-TD	1.007 (1.001, 1.012)	0.016
baseline eGFR*CKD4-TD	1.016 (1.010, 1.021)	< 0.001
baseline eGFR*CKD5-TD	1.017 (1.008, 1.026)	< 0.001
baseline eGFR*ESRD-TD	1.054 (0.959, 1.158)	0.3

AKI, acute kidney injury; CI, confidence interval; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; HR, hazard ratio; MAP, mean arterial pressure. *CPR*ECMO indicates the interaction term of receiving both CPR and ECMO; Baseline eGFR*CKD3 (4, 5)-TD indicates the interaction term of baseline eGFR and stage 3 (4, 5) CKD time-dependent variables; Baseline eGFR*ESRD-TD indicates the interaction term of baseline eGFR and ESRD. ^† The main CKD3, 4, 5-TD factors were not significant in the final model.

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