Regional citrate anticoagulation in cardiac surgery patients at high risk of bleeding: a continuous veno-venous hemofiltration protocol with a low concentration citrate solution

Table 2 Circuit lifetime, CRRT stopping causes and prescribed versus delivered dialysis dose according to different anticoagulation modalities.

	RCA (n= 152)	Heparin (n= 73)	No AC (n= 77)
CIRCUIT LIFETIME
Mean ± SD (hours)	49.8 ± 35.4***	30.6 ± 24.3	25.7 ± 21.2
Median (hours)	41	22	20
> 24 hours	74%	45%	40%
> 48 hours	41%	25%	14%
> 72 hours	27%	12%	5%
CRRT STOPPING CAUSES
CVC malfunction	34.9%	17.8%	15.6%
Alarm handling/technical issues	23.7%	12.3%	2.6%
Scheduled	19.7%	0%	1.3%
Medical procedures	13.8%	2.8%	3.9%
Clotting	0%	61.6%	68.8%
Unidentified	7.9%	5.5%	7.8%
DIALYSIS DOSE ^a
Prescribed dose (ml/kg/hour)	26.8 ± 3.8	27.3 ± 4.7	26.6 ± 7.1
Delivered dose (ml/kg/hour)	25.6 ± 4.9**	23.7 ± 7.2	23.1 ± 8
Delta dose (%)	4.7 ± 12.1***	13 ± 20.5	12.7 ± 19.1

Data are expressed as mean ± SD or percentage. ^aCorrected for predilution. Statistical comparison among different anticoagulation modalities: ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc test. ***P < 0.0001; **P < 0.02. AC, anticoagulation; ANOVA, analysis of variance; CRRT, continuous renal replacement therapy; CVC, central venous catheter; n, number; RCA, regional citrate anticoagulation; SD, standard deviation.

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